Hermann Brehm / Great spotted woodpecker (Dendrocopos major) left, and Middle spotted woodpecker (Dendrocoptes medius) right, on tree trunk, Germany. March

Hermann Brehm / Great spotted woodpecker (Dendrocopos major) right, and Middle spotted woodpecker (Dendrocoptes medius) left, on tree trunk, Germany. April

Hermann Brehm / Middle spotted Woodpecker (Dendrocopus medius) and Jay (Garrulus glandarius), Germany. October

Hermann Brehm / Middle Spotted Woodpecker (Dendrocopus medius) on tree stump, Germany. January

Loic Poidevin / Middle spotted woodpecker (Dendrocopos medius) on a tree trunk, Leon, Spain, February.

Tomasz Zawadzki/ BIA / Middle Spotted Woodpecker (Dendrocopos medius), Poland

David Tipling / Middle Spotted Woodpecker (Leiopicus medius) Hortobagy National Park, Hungary January

Konrad Wothe / Middle spotted woodpecker (Dendrocopos medius) Bavaria, Germany. March.

Hermann Brehm / Middle spotted woodpecker (Dendrocopos medius) Rothenburg, Germany, December.

Hermann Brehm / Middle spotted woodpecker (Dendrocopos medius) Rothenburg, Germany, December.

Fabrice Cahez / Middle spotted woodpecker (Dendrocopos medius) at nest hole, Vosges, France

Fabrice Cahez / Middle spotted woodpecker (Dendrocopos medius) at nest hole, Vosges, France