Juan Carlos Munoz / Arborescent ferns (Cyatheaceae) in Kells Bay Gardens, Ring of Kerry, Iveragh Peninsula, County Kerry, Republic of Ireland. September 2015.

Nick Upton / Moss covered trees and dense understory of ferns in montane, cloud-shrouded laurel forest, Anaga Mountains, Tenerife, May 2014..

Nick Upton / Moss covered trees and dense under-story of ferns in montane, in misty laurel forest, Anaga Mountains, Tenerife, May 2014..

Nick Upton / Moss covered trees and dense under-story of ferns in montane, in misty laurel forest, Anaga Mountains, Tenerife, May 2014..

Pal Hermansen / Foggy lake in autumn landscape, Akershus, Norway, October.

Norbert Wu / Temperate rainforest, Hoh Rainforest, Olympic National Park, Washington

Norbert Wu / Temperate rainforest, Hoh Rainforest, Olympic National Park, Washington

Heike Odermatt / Ferns in forest, Leende, Netherlands

Yva Momatiuk & John Eastcott / Coast Redwood (Sequoia sempervirens) trees and ferns, Redwood National Park, California

Chien Lee / Staghorn Fern (Platycerium ridleyi) group on tree, Sarawak, Borneo, Malaysia

Jeff Foott / Pacific Rhododendron (Rhododendron macrophyllum) flowering in old growth Coast Redwood (Sequoia sempervirens) forest, Redwood National Park, California

Ingo Arndt / Bald Cypress (Taxodium distichum) trees in swamp with epiphytes and ferns, Everglades National Park, Florida

Sebastian Kennerknecht / Coast Redwood (Sequoia sempervirens) trees and Sword Ferns (Polystichum munitum) in forest, Muir Woods National Monument, California

Brent Stephenson / Wheki / Rough tree fern (Dicksonia squarrosa) frond unfuling, Ulva Island, Stewart Island, New Zealand, November.

Juan Carlos Munoz / Moss covered fallen tree and ferns growing in Chestnut forest, Onati, Gipuzkoa, Basque Country, Spain, May.

Juan Carlos Munoz / Ferns growing at foot of tree in beech forest, Gorbeia Natural Park, Bizkaia, Basque Country, Spain, March.

Gerrit Vyn / Native Hawaiian forest. Volcano National Park, Hawaii. April.

Cyril Ruoso / Tree fern, Gunung Leuser NP, Sumatra, Indonesia.

Staffan Widstrand / Tree trunk covered in moss and ferns, in old mixed conifer and broadleaf forest, Punia Forest Reserve, Lithuania, May.

Staffan Widstrand / Fallen tree covered in moss and ferns, in old mixed conifer and broadleaf forest, Punia Forest Reserve, Lithuania, May.

Konrad Wothe / Rainforest tree with buttress roots, during rainfall, Lowland rainforest, Panguana Reserve, Huanuco province, Amazon basin, Peru.

Chien Lee / Fern (Dipteris lobbiana) group and plants (Tristaniopsis sp) near stream, Tajor Waterfall, Bako National Park, Sarawak, Borneo, Malaysia

Scott Leslie / Southern Live Oak (Quercus virginiana) with Spanish Moss (Tillandsia usneoides) and epiphytic ferns, Florida

Hougaard Malan / Indigenous forest in misty conditions. Debengeni Falls, Magoebaskloof, Limpopo, South Africa. November 2013. Non-ex.

Hougaard Malan / Indigenous forest in misty conditions. Debengeni Falls, Magoebaskloof, Limpopo, South Africa. May 2012. Non-ex.

Klaus Echle / Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) cub looking through ferns on forest floor, Black Forest, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany. July. Captive.

Klaus Echle / Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) cub looking through ferns on forest floor, Black Forest, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany. July. Captive.

Michel Roggo / Te Waikoropupu spring, largest coldwater spring in the Southern Hemisphere, this spring is of high cultural and spiritual significance for the local Maori, New Zealand, February 2013. Taken for the Fr...

Jack Dykinga / Towering Coastal redwoods (Sequoia sempervirens) rising from forest understory of sword ferns and sorrel, Prairie Creek Redwoods State Park, California, May.

Jack Dykinga / Big leaf maple (Acer macrophyllum) trees covered in moss and surrounded by sword ferns form a maze of tree trunks. Prairie Creek Redwoods State Park, California, USA, May.

Tui De Roy / Scalesia Forest (Scalesia sp) with tree ferns during cold season. Highlands, Santa Cruz Island, Galapagos.

Bertie Gregory / Temperate rainforest with Vine maple (Acer circinatum) and fern, Golden Ears provincial park, British Columbia, Canada, July.

David Pattyn / Cut off tree stumps, probably cut a 100 years ago in between planted forest for timber and papermills. Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada, August.

Roland Seitre / Ferns in landscape, Great Fern Provincial Park / Parc des Grandes Fougres Farino, South Province, New Caledonia, August 2012.

Roland Seitre / Ferns in landscape, Great Fern Provincial Park / Parc des Grandes Fougres Farino, South Province, New Caledonia, August 2012.

Tim Laman / Tree Fern forest in mist, near Lake Habbema, Jayawijaya Mountains, New Guinea. June 2010

Cyril Ruoso / Bromeliad (Bromeliaceae) and tree fern at 1600 meters altitude in tropical rainforest, Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta National Park, Colombia

Cyril Ruoso / Bromeliad (Bromeliaceae) and tree fern at 1600 meters altitude in tropical rainforest, Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta National Park, Colombia

Cyril Ruoso / Bromeliad (Bromeliaceae) and tree fern at 1600 meters altitude in tropical rainforest, Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta National Park, Colombia

Cyril Ruoso / Bromeliad (Bromeliaceae) and tree fern at 1600 meters altitude in tropical rainforest, Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta National Park, Colombia

Cyril Ruoso / Bromeliad (Bromeliaceae) and tree fern at 1500 meters altitude in tropical rainforest, Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta National Park, Colombia

Cyril Ruoso / Treefern (Cyathea sp), Yakushima Island, Japan

Sandesh Kadur / Tree fern and landscape of Itanagar, Arunachal Pradesh, India.

Jabruson / Old abandoned Oil Palm tree (Elaeis guineensis), on the edge of plantation limits, at the edge of Korup National Park, South West Cameroon.

Jabruson / Old abandoned Oil Palm trees (Elaeis guineensis), covered in ferns, on the edge of plantation limits, at the edge of Korup National Park, South West Cameroon.

Staffan Widstrand / Wild Wonders of China / Gaoligongshan Tree Frog (Polypedates / Rhacophorus gongshanensis) in fern (Cibotium barometz) Gaoligongshan Mountains, Yunnan, China

Staffan Widstrand / Wild Wonders of China / Gaoligongshan Tree Frog (Polypedates / Rhacophorus gongshanensis) in fern (Cibotium barometz) Gaoligongshan Mountains, Yunnan, China

Staffan Widstrand / Wild Wonders of China / Gaoligongshan Tree Frog (Polypedates / Rhacophorus gongshanensis) in fern (Cibotium barometz) Gaoligongshan Mountains, Yunnan, China

Staffan Widstrand / Wild Wonders of China / Gaoligongshan Tree Frog (Polypedates / Rhacophorus gongshanensis) in fern (Cibotium barometz) Gaoligongshan Mountains, Yunnan, China

Sebastian Kennerknecht / Bird's Nest Fern (Asplenium nidus) pair in tree, Tawau Hills Park, Sabah, Borneo, Malaysia

Sebastian Kennerknecht / Coast Live Oak (Quercus agrifolia) trees and Sword Ferns (Polystichum munitum) in mixed evergreen forest, Point Reyes National Seashore, California

Wild Wonders of Europe / Bartocha / Beech (Fagus sylvatica) and Fir (Abies sp) forest with an understorey of lady ferns (Athyrium filix-femina) Runcu Valley, Dambovita County, Leota Mountain Range, Romania, July

Wild Wonders of Europe / Bartocha / Stream running through Beech (Fagus sylvatica) forests, Runcu Valley, Dambovita County, Leota Mountain Range, Romania, July

Wild Wonders of Europe / Bartocha / Beech trees (Fagus sylvatica) in pristine Beech-Fir forest clearing with Ladyfern (Athyrium filix-femina) Runcu Valley, Dambovita County, Leota Mountain Range, Romania, July

Wild Wonders of Europe / Bartocha / Lady fern (Athyrium filix-femina) growing near a fallen tree, Runcu Valley, Dambovita County, Leota Mountain Range, Romania, July

Wild Wonders of Europe / Bartocha / Beech tree (Fagus sylvatica) trunks pristine Beech-fir forest, with a carpet of ferns, Runcu Valley, Dambovita County, Leota Mountain Range, Romania, July

Wild Wonders of Europe / Bartocha / Lady fern (Athyrium filix-femina) growing in a pristine beech (Fagus sylvatica) and Fir (Abies sp) forest, Runcu Valley, Dambovita County, Leota Mountain Range, Romania, July

Wild Wonders of Europe / Bartocha / Beech trees (Fagus sylvatica) in old growth forest, with Lady ferns (Athyrium filix-femina )in the foreground. Runcu Valley, Dambovita County, Leota Mountain Range, Romania, vertical panoramic, July

Scott Leslie / Cinnamon Fern (Osmunda cinnamomea) group in forest, Nova Scotia, Canada

Scott Leslie / Cinnamon Fern (Osmunda cinnamomea) group on forest floor, Canada

David Woodfall / Sessile Oak (Quercus Petraea) ancient tree trunk with Broad buckler fern (Dryopteris austriaca) at base, Gilfach Nature Reserve, Radnorshire Wildlife Trust, Powys, Wales, UK, May

Brent Stephenson / Kidney ferns (Trichomanes reniforme), Easter orchids (Earina autumnalis) in flower, and mosses covering the trunk of a tree. Dusky Sound, Fiordland, South Island, New Zealand

Mark Hamblin / 2020VISION / Pine woodland interior, June, Beinn Eighe National Nature reserve, Scotland, UK, June

Jack Dykinga / Moss covered tree trunks in the Great Bear temperate rain forest of coastal Britsh Columbia, Canada,

Michel Poinsignon / Maritime pine trees (Pinus pinaster) forest with bracken, Landes, France, August.

Orsolya Haarberg / Ostrich ferns growing in Birch (Betula sp) forest, Reisa National Park, Nordreisa, Troms, Norway, August 2006

Piotr Naskrecki / Treefern (Cyathea sp), Mount Gahavisuka Provincial Park, Papua New Guinea

Brent Stephenson / Unfurling Silver Fern (Cyathea dealbata) frond. Tiritiri Matangi Island, Auckland, New Zealand, September.

Inaki Relanzon / Soft tree-ferns (Balantium antarcticum) Great Otway National Park, Victoria State, Australia, September 2011.

Konrad Wothe / Strangler Fig Tree (Ficus virens) beside water in rainforest, Lake Eacham NP, Atherton Tablelands, Queensland, Australia, October 2010

Mark Hamblin / 2020VISION / Scots pine forest extending up to natural tree line, with bracken (Pteridium aquilinum) in foreground, Rothiemurchus, Cairngorms NP, Scotland, UK, September 2011

Tim Laman / Giant tree fern forest growing on the highest reaches of the Foja Mountains, between 2150 and 2200 m elevation. Foja Mountains, Papua, Indonesia, 2008. (taken during Conservation International Rapid A...

Tim Laman / Giant tree fern forest growing on the highest reaches of the Foja Mountains, between 2150 and 2200 m elevation. Foja Mountains, Papua, Indonesia, 2008. (taken during Conservation International Rapid A...

Kirkendall-Spring / Tree trunks and ferns in the Hoh Rainforest of Olympic National Park, Washington, USA, September 2009

Adrian Davies / Unfurling frond of New Zealand Tree Fern (Dicksonia squarrosa). New Zealand, July.

Piotr Naskrecki / Treefern (Cyathea sp) group lining creek, Rimutaka Forest Park, New Zealand

Adrian Davies / Norfolk Tree Fern (Cyathea brownii). Young frond unfurling. UK, March.

Yva Momatiuk & John Eastcott / Tree Fern (Dicksonia antarctica) in rainforest, Otway National Park, Victoria, Australia

Yva Momatiuk & John Eastcott / Subtropical rainforest near Fox Glacier, South Island, New Zealand

Yva Momatiuk & John Eastcott / Stream in subtropical rainforest, South Island, New Zealand

Yva Momatiuk & John Eastcott / Silver Tree Fern (Cyathea dealbata) group near trail in subtropical rainforest near Fox Glacier, South Island, New Zealand

Yva Momatiuk & John Eastcott / Silver Tree Fern (Cyathea dealbata) group in subtropical rainforest near Fox Glacier, South Island, New Zealand

Simon Colmer / Ancient pollarded oak tree with ferns growing on branches, Horner Wood and Dunkery Beacon NNR, Exmoor NP, Somerset, UK, August 2010

Steve Nicholls / Soft tree fern (Balantium antarcticum) in forest, Tasmania, Australia, January

Steve Nicholls / Soft tree ferns (Balantium antarcticum) Marakoopa caves, Tasmania, Australia, January 2007

Adrian Davies / Plaster cast of a fossilised leaf of Maidenhair tree (Ginkgo biloba) from Kamloops, British Columbia, Canada, Specimen is approx 100mm across

Matthias Breiter / Cathedral Grove in old growth forest, MacMillan Provincial Park, near Port Alberni, Vancouver Island, Canada

Matthias Breiter / Cathedral Grove in old growth forest, MacMillan Provincial Park, near Port Alberni, Vancouver Island, Canada

Chien Lee / Tree Fern (Cyathea moluccana) and waterfall, Kubah National Park, Malaysia

Chien Lee / Bird's Nest Fern (Asplenium nidus) in montane forest of Gunung Salak, Indonesia

Chien Lee / Bird's Nest Fern (Asplenium nidus) in montane forest of Gunung Salak, Indonesia

Chien Lee / Giant Staghorn Fern (Platycerium wandae) growing on tree trunk, Nabire, Indonesia

Konrad Wothe / Rain in rainforest, Daintree National Park, North Queensland, Queensland, Australia

Konrad Wothe / Rainforest landscape with tree ferns, Atherton Tableland, Queensland, Australia

Gerrit Vyn / Bigleaf maple tree (Acer macrophyllum) covered in moss, and Sword Ferns in the Hoh Rainforest. Olympic National Park, Washington, USA, March 2010.