Heather Angel / Marmalade hoverflies (Episyrphus balteatus), two feeding on pollen of Dwarf formosa lily (Lilium formosanum var. pricei). Surrey, England, UK. July.

Heather Angel / Bee-fly (Bombylius sp) nectaring on Rock soapwort (Saponaria ocymoides), blue pollen on head. Alpes Maritimes, France. May.

Heather Angel / Leopard lacewing (Cethosia cyane) nectaring on Tropical milkweed / Bloodflower (Asclepias curassavica). Yunnan, China.

Heather Angel / Moth (Lepidoptera) nectaring on Bokkeveld evening lily (Hesperantha cucullata) at dusk. Nieuwoudtville, South Africa. August.

Heather Angel / Silver Y moth (Autographa gamma) nectaring on Lily (Lilium 'Stargazer'). Surrey, England, UK. August.

Heather Angel / Painted lady butterfly (Vanessa cardui) nectaring on Witch hazel (Hamamelis x intermedia 'Jelena'). Surrey, England, UK. February.

Heather Angel / Sea cabbage (Senecio candicans) amongst pebbles on sandy seashore. Sea Lion island, Falkland Islands.

Heather Angel / Cup and saucer plant (Cobaea scandens), bud and opening flower. Cultivated plant. Focused stacked.

Heather Angel / Hibiscus (Hibiscus sp) flower with stigmas and pollen covered stamens. Focus stacked.

Heather Angel / Orange bush monkeyflower (Mimulus aurantiacus). Native to California and Oregon, USA. Focus stacked.

Heather Angel / Seep monkey flower (Mimulus guttatus), bifid stigma above stamens. Nectar spot guides and central groove leading pollinators to nectar. Focus stacked.

Heather Angel / Snowdrop (Galanthus nivalis) anthers and inner petals.Outer petals have been removed. Focus stacked.

Heather Angel / Cup and saucer plant (Cobaea scandens) with stamens contracting. Wide mouthed flower pollinated by bats in South America. Focus stacked.

Heather Angel / Crocus (Crocus sp) flower from above, closing in evening. Focus stacked.

Heather Angel / Water tulip (Cypella aquatilis) from above, in garden pond. Native to Brazil.

Heather Angel / Daffodil (Narcissus sp) opening, view from above. Focus stacked.

Heather Angel / Peach leaved bellflower (Campanula persicifolia) dissection, petals removed to show how stamens transfer pollen to style via secondary pollen presentation in bud stage. Focus stacked.

Heather Angel / Grand balsam (Impatiens grandis) with long spur. Pollinated by butterflies, native to India and Sri Lanka. Focus stacked, cultivated plant.

Heather Angel / Mauritian bloody bellflower (Nesocodon mauritianus), female phase with red nectar at base of style. Cultivated at Kew Gardens, London, England, UK. Native to Mauritius.

Heather Angel / Elephant yam (Amorphophallus paeoniifolius) in UV light, lower band with female flowers, male flowers above.

Heather Angel / Flowering rush (Butomus umbellatus), drops of nectar fluorescing in UV light. Surrey, England, UK. Focus stacked.

Heather Angel / Figwort (Scrophularia grandiflora) against sky. Globose flower with protruding upper lip that functions like umbrella to protect stamens. Cultivated in garden.

Heather Angel / Himalayan balsam (Impatiens glandulifera), dissection of flowers. Male phase above, downward projecting stamens release pollen onto backs of bumblebees and honey bees. Female phase below with downward...

Heather Angel / Carpenter bee (Xylocopa sp) nectaring on Clary sage (Salvia sclarea). Pollen deposited on bee's back by hanging anthers. Turkey. June.

Heather Angel / Rhododendron (Rhododendron sp) flower, anthers and red stigma visible. Garden in Surrey, England, UK.

Heather Angel / Sweet breath of spring (Lonicera fragrantissima) in garden, Surrey, England, UK. Native to China.

Heather Angel / Alpine rose (Rhododendron ferrugineum) in montane grassland above treeline. Giau Pass / Passo di giau, Dolomites, Italy. July 2011.

Heather Angel / Alpine rose (Rhododendron ferrugineum) in montane grassland above treeline. Giau Pass / Passo di giau, Dolomites, Italy. July 2011.

Heather Angel / Caucasian lily (Lilium monadelphum), Caucasus, Russia. June.

Heather Angel / Prickly comfrey (Symphytum asperum), flowers open red and change to blue. Caucasus, Russia. June.

Heather Angel / Prophet flowers (Arnebia pulchra) with dark spots that act as nectar guides. Caucasus, Russia. June.

Heather Angel / Bluebell (Hyacinthoides non-scripta) carpeting Conservation Area, Kew Gardens, London, UK. May.

Heather Angel / Titan arum (Amorphophallus titanum) at Kew Gardens, London, UK. Emits odour at night to attract carrion beetle and flesh fly pollinators. Native to Sumatra, Indonesia.

Heather Angel / Snake's head fritillary (Fritillaria meleagris), view into flower with linear green nectaries. In cultivation, Surrey, England, UK. April.

Heather Angel / Hairy banana (Musa velutina), self peeling exposing flesh to aid seed dispersal by birds. In glasshouse. Surrey, England, UK.

Heather Angel / Balsam (Impatiens rosulata) with yellow nectar guides. Endemic to Kitulo Plateau, Tanzania.

Heather Angel / Hairy banana (Musa velutina) flowering in glasshouse, Kew Gardens, London, UK. Native to Himalayas.

Heather Angel / Allegheny spurge (Pachysandra procumbens) leaves emerging amongst flowers in garden. Flowers emit spicy fragrance. Surrey, England, UK. Native to Asia.

Heather Angel / Spider lily (Hymenocallis sp) flowering beside Lacantun River, Chiapas, Mexico.

Heather Angel / Celandine crocus (Crocus korolkowii) carpets in areas of snowmelt. Near Ansob Pass, Tajikistan. April 2014.

Heather Angel / Elephant yam (Amorphophallus paeoniifolius) spathe with band of male flowers above and female flowers below. In cultivation.

Heather Angel / Chilean monkey flower (Mimulus naiandinus). The lower lip has a groove to guide the pollinator's proboscis to the nectar source, with red spots acting as nectar guides. Cultivated in garden, Surre...

Heather Angel / Common rue (Ruta graveolens) flower. Cultivated in herb garden, Surrey, England, UK. Native to Balkan Peninsula.

Heather Angel / Sacred lotus (Nelumbo nucifera 'Charles Thomas') flower. Cultivated in glasshouse, Surrey, England, UK.

Heather Angel / Scarlet monkey flower (Mimulus cardinalis). The high position of the stamens and stigma ensure that the heads of hummingbird pollinators make contact with them whilst nectaring. Cultivated in garden,...

Heather Angel / Trailing fuschsia (Fuchsia procumbens) cultivated in alpine house, Surrey, England, UK. Native to New Zealand.

Heather Angel / Spiderplant (Cleome hirta) flowerhead.Patterns on two banner petals serve as nectar guides. Tanzania.

Heather Angel / Wild sage (Lantana camara), flowers turn pink following pollination. Native to tropical America. Invasive species, Tanzania.

Heather Angel / Wild sage (Lantana camara), flowers turn pink following pollination. Native to tropical America. Invasive species, Tanzania.

Heather Angel / Rock jasmine (Androsace sericea) flowers. Colour of corona ring indicates age and nectar content of flower. Mountains of Heaven / Tian Shan, Kazakhstan. June.

Heather Angel / Evening primrose (Oenothera glazioviana) flowering at dusk in garden, Surrey, England, UK. August.

Heather Angel / Gold band lily (Lilium auratum) flower. Yellow nectar guides lead pollinators to nectaries. Pollinators are swallowtail butterflies and hawkmoths. Cultivated in garden, Surrey, England, UK. Native to...

Heather Angel / Bee fly (Bombylius major) foraging on Lesser celandine (Ficaria verna) on roadside verge. Pollen is picked up on long proboscis and legs when touching anthers. Surrey, England, UK. April.

Heather Angel / Common bee fly (Bombylius major) with pollen covered legs lifting off from Lesser celandine (Ficaria verna). Roadside verge, Surrey, England, UK. April.

Heather Angel / Winter aconite (Eranthis hyemalis) flower and bud. Ring of nectaries formed from petals. In garden, Surrey, England, UK. February.

Heather Angel / Grand-flowered horned poppies (Glaucium grandiflorum) in wildflower meadow. Southern Turkey. June 2012.

Heather Angel / Blossom scarab beetle (Epicometis hirta) feeding on Ficaria flower (Ficaria fascicularis). In snow melt area, Turkey. May.

Heather Angel / Blossom scarab beetle (Epicometis hirta), two feeding on Ficaria flower (Ficaria fascicularis) with yellow leaves, having not yet developed chlorophyll. In snow melt area, Turkey. May.

Heather Angel / Ivy leaved toadflax (Cymbalaria muralis) flowers with orange nectar guides. Surrey, England, UK. April.

Heather Angel / Bumblebee scarab beetles (Pygopleurus humeralis) feeding on Phelypaea flower (Phelypaea coccinea). Flower has marks that mimic beetle elytra wings to attract pollinators. Plant parasitic on Tanacetum...

Heather Angel / Cherry laurel (Prunus laurocerasus) flowers. England, UK. April. Controlled conditions.

Heather Angel / White dead nettle (Lamium album) with stamens protected from rain by overhanging upper lip. Pollinated by bumblebees. Naturalised in garden, Surrey, England, UK. May.

Heather Angel / Thorowax (Bupleurum rotundifolium) umbel with green bracts, backlit in studio.

Heather Angel / Elephant yam flower (Amorphophallus paeoniifolius) spadix surrounded by spathe. Cultivated in glasshouse.

Heather Angel / Voodoo lily (Amorphophallus bulbifer). Native to Asia.

Heather Angel / Balsam (Impatiens bicaudata) flowers with lines leading to nectaries. Cultivated. Native to Madagascar.

Heather Angel / Bumblebee (Bombus sp) nectaring on Indian bean tree (Catalapa bignoniodes) flower. Pollen on bee's back transferring to stigma. In garden, Surrey, England, UK. July.

Heather Angel / Marmalade hoverfly (Episyrphus balteatus) in flight with pollen on feet, foraging on Sargents lily (Lilium sargentiae). Deposited pollen visible on stigma. Cultivated in garden, Surrey, England, UK. J...

Heather Angel / Voodoo lily (Amorphophallus bulbifer), female flowers fluroescing in UV light, male flowers above. Native to Yunnan, China.

Heather Angel / Masterwort (Astrantia sp) with pink bracts and tiny florets. Cultivated in garden, Surrey, England, UK. Controlled conditions.

Heather Angel / Brazilian Dutchman's pipe flower (Aristolochia gigantea) with green inflated pouch. Flower smells of carrion to attract fly pollinators. Cultivated in glasshouse, Surrey, England, UK. Native to Br...

Heather Angel / Bird of paradise / Crane flower (Strelitzia reginae). Cultivated in garden. Native to South Africa.

Heather Angel / Red trailing bauhinia (Bauhinia kockiana), flowers change from yellow to red with age. Pollinated by butterflies. Cultivated in garden. Native to Malaysia.

Heather Angel / Frog (Rana temporaria) spawn amongst invasive Fairy fern (Azolla filiculoides) from garden pond. Photographed in aquarium, controlled conditions. Surrey, England, UK. March.

Heather Angel / Fairy fern (Azolla filiculoides) and Water forget me not (Myosotis scorpioides) in frozen garden pond. Surrey, England, UK. January.

Heather Angel / Red wattlebird (Anthochaera carunculata) nectaring on Fuschia grevillea (Grevillea bipinnatifida). Western Australia Botanic Garden, Kings Park, Perth,

Heather Angel / Wood pigeon (Columba palumbus) feeding on sweet petals of nectarless Feijoa (Acca sellowiana). Kew Gardens, London, England, UK. July.

Heather Angel / Southern double-collared sunbird (Cinnyris chalybeus), male nectaring on Pincushion protea (Leucospermum cordifolium). Cape, South Africa. August.

Heather Angel / Red wattlebird (Anthochaera carunculata) nectaring on Grevillea (Grevillea preissii). Western Australia Botanic Garden, Kings Park, Perth, Australia. November.

Heather Angel / Mandrinette (Hibiscus fragilis), cultivated in breeding program at Kew Gardens, London, UK. Endemic to Mauritius.

Heather Angel / Pygmy Rwandan water lily (Nymphaea thermarum) in cultivation at Kew Gardens, London, England, UK. Extinct in the wild. Native to thermal springs, Rwanda.

Heather Angel / Spider flower (Cleome hassleriana) from above, flowers fading with age. Native to South America.

Heather Angel / Cat's whiskers / Black bat flower (Tacca chantrieri). Pollinated by flies. Cultivated in glasshouse, Surrey, England, UK. Native to Southeast Asia.

Heather Angel / Cat's whiskers / Black bat flower (Tacca chantrieri). Pollinated by flies. Cultivated in glasshouse, Surrey, England, UK. Native to Southeast Asia.

Heather Angel / Foxglove (Digitalis purpurea) flower, backlit with stamens and style visible through corolla. Dark spots on lower lip attract bumblebee pollinators. Pollinated by bumblebees with long proboscis. Contr...

Heather Angel / Brazilian Dutchman's pipe flower (Aristolochia gigantea) with green inflated pouch. Flower smells of carrion to attract fly pollinators. Cultivated in glasshouse, Surrey, England, UK. Native to Br...

Heather Angel / Santa Cruz water lily (Victoria cruziana) flower reflected in pond. Fragrant scent attracts beetle pollinators. In cultivation at Kew Gardens, London, England, UK. Native to South America.

Heather Angel / Glory lily (Gloriosa superba) bud and flower with reflexed petals and trifid stigma. Pollinated by butterflies. National flower of Zimbabwe.

Heather Angel / Ant (Formicidae) nectaring on Geraldton waxflower (Chamelaucium uncinatum). Western Australia Botanic Garden, Kings Park, Perth, Australia. November.

Heather Angel / Wreath nasturtium (Tropaeolum polyphyllum) flowering amongst rocks. Paso Vergara, Chile. December.

Heather Angel / Austral blackbird (Curaeus curaeus) with pollen on head after nectaring on Blue puya (Puya berteroniana). Parque Ingles, Chile. December.

Heather Angel / Austral blackbirds (Curaeus curaeus) and Austral thrush (Turdus falcklandii) nectaring on Blue puya (Puya berteroniana). Pollen transferred to birds heads during feeding. Parque Ingles, Chile. Decembe...

Heather Angel / Blue tit (Cyanistes caeruleus) nectaring on Camellia 'St Ewe' (Camellia x williamsii) in garden, Claw marks from gripping bird visible on adjacent flower. Surrey, England, UK. February.

Heather Angel / Malachite sunbird (Nectarinia famosa) male perching on King protea (Protea cynaroides) whilst foraging for nectar. Pearl Mountain Reserve, South Africa, August.

Heather Angel / Volcano hummingbird (Selasphorus flammula) female nectaring on Hardy fuchsia (Fuchsia magellanica) in garden. Stamens brushing bird's chest feathers. Costa Rica.

Heather Angel / Malachite sunbird (Nectarinia famosa) male nectaring on King protea (Protea cynaroides). Pearl Mountain Reserve, South Africa, August.