Bryan and Cherry Alexander / Recent lava flow down the snowy side of the elusive Volcano 'Big Ben' on Heard and McDonald Islands UNESCO World Natural Heritage Site Sub-Antarctica. Small repro only

Bryan and Cherry Alexander / Young Bull elephant seals (Mirounga leonina) test each other on Walrus Beach. Heard Island, Heard and McDonald Islands UNESCO World Natural Heritage Site Sub-Antarctica.

Frederique Olivier / Southern giant petrel (Macronectes giganteus) competing with a group of Subantarctic skuas (Stercorarius antarcticus) to feed on a dead Royal penguin (Eudyptes schlegeli) chick, Macquarie Island, Sub-...

Glenn Bartley/ BIA / South Georgia Pipit (Anthus antarcticus), South Georgia Island

Glenn Bartley/ BIA / Antarctic Giant Petrel (Macronectes giganteus) flying over the ocean searching for food near South Georgia Island

Glenn Bartley/ BIA / Snow Petrel (Pagodroma nivea) flying, South Georgia Island

Glenn Bartley/ BIA / Macaroni Penguin (Eudyptes chrysolophus) sleeping, South Georgia Island

Glenn Bartley/ BIA / King Penguin (Aptenodytes patagonicus) colony along river with Southern Elephant Seals (Mirounga leonina), South Georgia Island

Glenn Bartley/ BIA / King Penguin (Aptenodytes patagonicus) colony along river, South Georgia Island

Glenn Bartley/ BIA / King Penguin (Aptenodytes patagonicus) colony on coast, South Georgia Island

Glenn Bartley/ BIA / King Penguin (Aptenodytes patagonicus) group coming ashore to join colony with Southern Elephant Seals (Mirounga leonina), South Georgia Island

Glenn Bartley/ BIA / King Penguin (Aptenodytes patagonicus) group swimming, South Georgia Island

Glenn Bartley/ BIA / King Penguin (Aptenodytes patagonicus) group swimming, South Georgia Island

Glenn Bartley/ BIA / King Penguin (Aptenodytes patagonicus) chick in colony during snowfall, South Georgia Island

Glenn Bartley/ BIA / King Penguin (Aptenodytes patagonicus) adult and chicks, South Georgia Island

Glenn Bartley/ BIA / King Penguin (Aptenodytes patagonicus) colony and mountains, South Georgia Island

Glenn Bartley/ BIA / King Penguin (Aptenodytes patagonicus) colony and mountains, South Georgia Island

Glenn Bartley/ BIA / Light-mantled Albatross (Phoebetria palpebrata) displaying, South Georgia Island

Glenn Bartley/ BIA / Light-mantled Albatross (Phoebetria palpebrata) flying near coast, South Georgia Island

Glenn Bartley/ BIA / King Penguin (Aptenodytes patagonicus), South Georgia Island

Glenn Bartley/ BIA / King Penguin (Aptenodytes patagonicus) feet, South Georgia Island

Glenn Bartley/ BIA / King Penguin (Aptenodytes patagonicus) colony on beach, South Georgia Island

Glenn Bartley/ BIA / King Penguin (Aptenodytes patagonicus) colony on beach, South Georgia Island

Glenn Bartley/ BIA / King Penguin (Aptenodytes patagonicus) displaying on beach in group, South Georgia Island

Glenn Bartley/ BIA / Grey-headed Albatross (Thalassarche chrysostoma) on nest, South Georgia Island

Glenn Bartley/ BIA / Gentoo Penguin (Pygoscelis papua) on nest, South Georgia Island

Glenn Bartley/ BIA / Gentoo Penguin (Pygoscelis papua), South Georgia Island

Glenn Bartley/ BIA / King Penguin (Aptenodytes patagonicus) on beach, South Georgia Island

Glenn Bartley/ BIA / Pintado Petrel (Daption capense) flying, South Georgia Island

Glenn Bartley/ BIA / Antarctic Skua (Catharacta antarctica) flying over ocean, South Georgia Island

Glenn Bartley/ BIA / Black-browed Albatross (Thalassarche melanophrys) flying over ocean, South Georgia Island

Mark Carwardine / Northern Giant Petrel (Macronectes halli) pair fighting, Gold Harbor, South Georgia Island

Mark Carwardine / Northern Giant Petrel (Macronectes halli) pair fighting, Gold Harbor, South Georgia Island

Mark Carwardine / Northern Giant Petrel (Macronectes halli) displaying, Gold Harbor, South Georgia Island

Mark Carwardine / Northern Giant Petrel (Macronectes halli), Gold Harbor, South Georgia Island

Mark Carwardine / Northern Giant Petrel (Macronectes halli) fighting with Antarctic Giant Petrel (Macronectes giganteus), Gold Harbor, South Georgia Island

Mark Carwardine / King Penguin (Aptenodytes patagonicus) wing, Fortuna Bay, South Georgia Island

Mark Carwardine / King Penguin (Aptenodytes patagonicus) group with Southern Elephant Seals (Mirounga leonina) beach, Salisbury Plain, South Georgia Island

Mark Carwardine / King Penguin (Aptenodytes patagonicus) coming ashore, Salisbury Plain, South Georgia Island

Mark Carwardine / King Penguin (Aptenodytes patagonicus) feather pattern, Salisbury Plain, South Georgia Island

Mark Carwardine / King Penguin (Aptenodytes patagonicus) feather pattern, Salisbury Plain, South Georgia Island

Mark Carwardine / Southern Elephant Seal (Mirounga leonina) pups play-fighting, Royal Bay, South Georgia Island

Mark Carwardine / Southern Elephant Seal (Mirounga leonina) pups play-fighting, Royal Bay, South Georgia Island

Mark Carwardine / Southern Elephant Seal (Mirounga leonina) pups play-fighting, Royal Bay, South Georgia Island

Mark Carwardine / Southern Elephant Seal (Mirounga leonina) pup, Grytviken, South Georgia Island

Mark Carwardine / Southern Elephant Seal (Mirounga leonina) bull, Grytviken, South Georgia Island

Mark Carwardine / Southern Elephant Seal (Mirounga leonina) bull scratching itself, Grytviken, South Georgia Island

Mark Carwardine / Southern Elephant Seal (Mirounga leonina) bull calling, Grytviken, South Georgia Island

Mark Carwardine / Southern Elephant Seal (Mirounga leonina) with abandoned boat, Grytviken, South Georgia Island

Mark Carwardine / King Penguin (Aptenodytes patagonicus) calling, Fortuna Bay, South Georgia Island

Mark Carwardine / Southern Elephant Seal (Mirounga leonina) being splashed by waves, Salisbury Plain, South Georgia Island

Mark Carwardine / Antarctic Fur Seal (Arctocephalus gazella), Salisbury Plain, South Georgia Island

Mark Carwardine / South Georgia Shag (Phalacrocorax georgianus) carrying nesting material, Stromnes Bay, South Georgia Island

Mark Carwardine / Southern Elephant Seal (Mirounga leonina) pup, Gold Harbor, South Georgia Island

Mark Carwardine / King Penguin (Aptenodytes patagonicus) colony during snowfall, Gold Harbor, South Georgia Island

Mark Carwardine / Black-browed Albatross (Thalassarche melanophrys) flying over ocean, Gold Harbor, South Georgia Island

Mark Carwardine / Southern Elephant Seal (Mirounga leonina) pup with tourist, Royal Bay, South Georgia Island

Hiroya Minakuchi / King Penguin (Aptenodytes patagonicus) colony, South Georgia Island

Hiroya Minakuchi / King Penguin (Aptenodytes patagonicus) group in river, South Georgia Island

Hiroya Minakuchi / Terminal moraine on glacier, South Georgia Island

Hiroya Minakuchi / Southern Elephant Seal (Mirounga leonina) pair mating, South Georgia Island

Hiroya Minakuchi / King Penguin (Aptenodytes patagonicus) colony, South Georgia Island

Hiroya Minakuchi / Southern Elephant Seal (Mirounga leonina) pup, South Georgia Island

Colin Monteath/ Hedgehog House / Southern Royal Albatross (Diomedea epomophora) flying over stormy sea, Campbell Island, New Zealand

Colin Monteath/ Hedgehog House / Stormy seas, Campbell Island, New Zealand, Southern Ocean

Colin Monteath/ Hedgehog House / Southern Elephant Seal (Mirounga leonina) juvenilles sparring, Sandy Bay, Macquarie Island, Australia

Colin Monteath/ Hedgehog House / Kelp, Sandy Bay, Macquarie Island, Australia

Ole Jorgen Liodden / Royal penguin (Eudyptes schlegeli), Macquarie Island, Sub-Antarctica, Australia. Vulnerable species.

Ole Jorgen Liodden / Landscape of Snares Islands, Sub-Antarctica New Zealand. February 2008.

Ole Jorgen Liodden / Brown skuas (Stercorarius antarcticus) squabbling in water, Auckland Islands, Sub-Antarctic New Zealand. February.

Ole Jorgen Liodden / Brown Skua (Stercorarius antarcticus) bathing, Auckland Islands, Sub-Antarctic New Zealand. February.

Hiroya Minakuchi / Adelie Penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) pair after trading incubation duties on pebble nest. Penguin on left is now free to go feed, South Georgia. Sequence 10 of 10.

Hiroya Minakuchi / Adelie Penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) placing gift pebble on nest before trading incubation duties with mate, South Georgia. Sequence 7 of 10.

Hiroya Minakuchi / Adelie Penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) pair showing courtship behavior before swapping incubation duties at nest, South Georgia. Sequence 2 of 10

Hiroya Minakuchi / Adelie Penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) pair engaging in courtship ritual before trading incubation duties at nest, South Georgia. Sequence 5 of 10.

Hiroya Minakuchi / Adelie Penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) pair engaging in courtship ritual before trading incubation duties at nest, South Georgia. Sequence 1 of 10

Hiroya Minakuchi / King Penguin (Aptenodytes patagonicus) colony, Saint Andrew's Bay, South Georgia Island

Hiroya Minakuchi / Southern Elephant Seal (Mirounga leonina) female scratching, South Georgia Island

Hiroya Minakuchi / King Penguin (Aptenodytes patagonicus) colony, Saint Andrew's Bay, South Georgia Island

Hiroya Minakuchi / Southern Elephant Seal (Mirounga leonina) female barking, South Georgia Island

Hiroya Minakuchi / Antarctic Giant Petrel (Macronectes giganteus) scavenging an Antarctic Fur Seal (Arctocephalus gazella) carcass, South Georgia Island

Hiroya Minakuchi / Antarctic Giant Petrel (Macronectes giganteus) trio scavenging an Antarctic Fur Seal (Arctocephalus gazella) carcass, South Georgia Island

Hiroya Minakuchi / Southern Elephant Seal (Mirounga leonina) juveniles playing, South Georgia Island

Hiroya Minakuchi / King Penguin (Aptenodytes patagonicus) colony, Salisbury Plain, South Georgia

D. Parer & E. Parer-Cook / Southern Elephant Seal (Mirounga leonina) underwater, Crozet Island

D. Parer & E. Parer-Cook / Southern Elephant Seal (Mirounga leonina) male, resting in the sun on the beach, Crozet Island

D. Parer & E. Parer-Cook / Southern Elephant Seal (Mirounga leonina) bull with female and pup, Crozet Islands, southern Indian Ocean

Hiroya Minakuchi / Antarctic Fur Seal (Arctocephalus gazella) playing in surf, South Georgia Island

Hiroya Minakuchi / Gentoo Penguin (Pygoscelis papua) chicks in creche, South Georgia

Kevin Schafer / Wandering Albatross (Diomedea exulans) chick begging parent for food, Bird Island, South Georgia Island

Ole Jorgen Liodden / Royal Penguin (Eudyptes schlegeli) entering the sea, Macquarie Island, Sub-Antarctica, Australia. November.

Ole Jorgen Liodden / Royal Penguin portrait (Eudyptes schlegeli) Macquarie Island, Sub-Antarctica, Australia. November.

Konrad Wothe / Tourists walking round the crater lake of Deception Island, with a cruise ship in the background, South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. February 2007.

Konrad Wothe / Zodiac boat with tourists at Elephant Island. Raft of Cape Petrels, (Daption capense) on surface, South Shetland Islands, Antarctic Peninsula, Antarctica. February.

Konrad Wothe / Monument to Chilean Lt. Luis Pardo who rescued the survivors of the Shackleton Expedition, surrounded by penguins, Point Wild, Elephant Island, South Shetland Islands, Antarctic Peninsula, Southern Oc...

Konrad Wothe / Orcadas Base, Argentine scientific reserarch station, with researchers looking at Fur seals, Laurie Island, South Orkney Islands, Southern Ocean, Antarctica. February 2007.