Luiz Claudio Marigo / Aerial view of Anavilhanas Ecological Station and "igap" flooded Amazon Rainforest, in Negro River, north of Manaus city, Amazonas State, Northern Brazil.

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Igarap / watercourse in the upland Amazon rainforest of Cuieiras Biological Reserve, Amazonas State, Northern Brazil.

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Toasting manioc flour in Sao Joao community on the shore of Uauacu Lake, Piagacu-Purus Sustainable Development Reserve, Purus River, Amazonas State, Brazil. April 2004.

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Three children watch a pet Wattled Curassow (Crax globulosa), an endangered species, Piagacu-Purus Sustainable Development Reserve, Purus River, Amazonas State, Brazil. April 2004.

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Young boy with several dead Spectacled Caiman (Caiman crocodilus) caught on a fishing hook, Itapuru community, Amazon Rainforest, in Piagacu-Purus Sustainable Development Reserve, Amazonas State, Nor...

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Hunter with eight dead Spectacled Caiman (Caiman crocodilus) in his canoe and a Black Caiman (Melanosuchus niger) in his hands. Piagacu-Purus Sustainable Development Reserve, Amazonas State, Northern...

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Women making cakes of manioc (called "beiju") in community Cuiuan, Piagacu-Purus Sustainable Development Reserve, Purus River, Amazonas State, Brazil.

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Silhouette of fishermen on Ayapua¡ Lake, Purus River, hauling in catch. Piagacu-Purus Sustainable Development Reserve, Amazonas State, Brazil. April 2004

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Man harvesting Brazil nuts (Bertholletia excelsa) Amazon Upland Rainforest, Ayapua¡ community, Piagacu-Purus Sustainable Development Reserve, Ayapua¡ Lake of Purus River, Amazonas State, Brazil. April...

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Children in a canoe beside their house made of babassu straw (Orbygnia phalerata) in the Amazon Upland Rainforest, Ayapua¡ community, Piagacu-Purus Sustainable Development Reserve, Ayapua¡ Lake of Pur...

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Children in a canoe beside their house made of Babassu straw (Orbygnia phalerata) in the Amazon Upland Rainforest, Ayapua¡ community, Piagacu-Purus Sustainable Development Reserve, Ayapua¡ Lake of Pur...

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Children in a house made of Babassu straw (Orbygnia phalerata) in the Amazon Upland Rainforest in Ayapua¡ community, Piagacu-Purus Sustainable Development Reserve, Ayapua¡ Lake of Purus River, Amazona...

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Hunter showing dead Razor-billed Curassows (Mitu tuberosum) that he killed in the Amazon Upland Rainforest in Arum community, Piagacu-Purus Sustainable Development Reserve, Purus River, Amazonas State...

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Man toasting manioc flour in the Amazon Upland Rainforest, Piagacu-Purus Sustainable Development Reserve, Purus River, Amazonas State, Brazil. April 2004

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Woman rubbing salt into fillets of Caiman meat (Caiman crocodilus) on floating house in Amazon Rainforest, in Piagacu-Purus Sustainable Development Reserve, Amazonas State, Northern Brazil.

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Aerial view of the Meeting of the waters of the Negro and Soilimões rivers that together form the Amazonas River, 14km west of Manaus, in Amazonas State, Northern Brazil.

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Aerial view of cargo boat at the Meeting of the waters of Negro and Soilimões rivers that form the Amazonas River, 14km west of Manaus, in Amazonas State, Northern Brazil.

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Aerial view of "igapó" flooded Amazon Rainforest, in Negro River, north of Manaus city, Amazonas State, Northern Brazil.

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Male Red Uakari (Cacajao calvus rubicundus) resting in canopy of Amazon Rainforest, Amazonas State, Northern Brazil. Endangered

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Aerial view of the Madeira River, East of Autazes town, Amazonas State, Northern Brazil.

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Aerial view of flooded region of Amazon lakes of Madeirinha River, South of road AM-254 and West of Autazes town, Amazonas State, Northern Brazil.

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Aerial view of flooded 'Varzea' rainforest, floodplain of the Solimões River during the rainy season, near Manaus city, Amazonas State, Northern Brazil.

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Aerial view of Amazon Giant Water Lilies (Victoria regia) in the floodplain of Amazonas River, near Manaus city, Amazonas State, Northern Brazil.

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Aerial view of "Várzea" rainforest floodplain with lakes, watercourses etc. of Amazonas River, South of Itacoatiara town, Amazonas State, Northern Brazil.

Luiz Claudio Marigo / "Igapó" Amazon flooded rainforest at the headwaters of Amanã Lake, Amanã Sustainable Development Reserve, Amazonas State, Northern Brazil.

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Mungubeira tree (Pseudobombax munguba) in the floodplain during flood season of Amazonas River, near Manaus city, Amazonas State, Northern Brazil.

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Aerial view of Amazon black water lake and Amazon rainforest near Nova Olinda do Norte town, Amazonas State, Northern Brazil.

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Aerial view of large lake of "várzea" (floodplain) near Nova Olinda do Norte town, Amazonas State, Northern Brazil.

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Rainforest tree in Amazon "várzea" flooded rainforest on the banks of the Amazonas River, Amazonas State, Northern Brazil.

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Male Humboldt´s Woolly Monkey (Lagothrix lagotricha cana) resting in canopy of Amazon upland rainforest, Amazonas State, Brazil.

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Aerial view of deforestation of Amazon upland rainforest near the AM-254 road (Autazes -Careiro road), West of Autazes town, Amazonas State, Northern Brazil.

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Aerial view of Manaus city on the banks of the Negro River, Amazonas State, Northern Brazil.

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Small boat carrying cargo and passengers in Amazonas River, near Itacoatiara town, Amazonas State, Brazil.

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Female Red Uakari (Cacajao calvus rubicundus) resting in canopy of Amazon Rainforest, Amazonas State, Northern Brazil. Endangered

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Orchid {Cattleya eldorado} in the "campina" vegetation, at Campina Biological Reserve of the National Institute for Research in the Amazon, Amazonas State, Northern Brazil.

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Large group of Black Caiman (Caiman / Melanosuchus niger) in Mamirauá Lake, Mamirauá Sustainable Development Reserve, Amazonas State, Northern Brazil.

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Orchid {Cattleya eldorado} in the "campina" vegetation, at Campina Biological Reserve of the National Institute for Research in the Amazon, Amazonas State, Northern Brazil.

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Amazon "várzea" flooded forest in the dry season, when the ground appears out of water, Mamirauá Sustainable Development Reserve, municipality of Alvarães, Amazonas State, Northern Brazil.

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Children jumping off a boat at Freguesia do Andirá village, municipality of Barreirinha, Amazonas State, Northern Brazil.

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Boat with riverside people at the Pucu channel, between Barreirinha town and Freguesia do Andirá village, municipality of Barreirinha, Amazonas State, Northern Brazil.

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Amazon "várzea" flooded forest in the dry season, when the ground appears out of water, at Mamirauá Sustainable Development Reserve, municipality of Alvarães, Amazonas State, Northern Brazil.

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Black Caiman (Melanosuchus niger) in Mamirauá Lake, at Mamirauá Sustainable Development Reserve, Amazonas State, Northern Brazil.

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Children playing on a boat at Freguesia do Andirá village, municipality of Barreirinha, Amazonas State, Northern Brazil.

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Black-collared Hawk (Busarellus nigricollis) singing on the margin of Mamirauá Lake, Mamirauá Sustainable Development Reserve, Amazonas State, Northern Brazil.

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Children of Boca do Mamirauá village sitting under a {Lecythis pisonis} tree, Lake Mamirauá, Mamirauá Sustainable Development Reserve, municipality of Alavarães, Amazonas State, Northern Brazil.

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Black Caimans (Caimon / Melanosuchus niger) in Mamirauá Lake, Mamirauá Sustainable Development Reserve, Amazonas State, Northern Brazil.

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Black Caiman (Caiman / Melanosuchus niger) in Mamirauá Lake, Mamirauá Sustainable Development Reserve, Amazonas State, Northern Brazil.

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Pataua palm tree (Oenocarpus bataua) with fruit, Amazonas State, Brazil.

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Children with pet Titti monkey at their riverside house on shore of the Amazonas River, near Terra Santa town, Pará State, Northern Brazil. 2006

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Black Caimans (Caiman / Melanosuchus niger) in Mamirauá Lake, at Mamirauá Sustainable Development Reserve, Amazonas State, Northern Brazil.

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Black Caiman (Melanosuchus niger) walking on land, Mamirauá Lake, Mamirauá Sustainable Development Reserve, Amazonas State, Northern Brazil.

Luiz Claudio Marigo / "Buçu" palm tree (Manicaria saccifera) near the watercourse of Cuieiras Biological Reserve, Amazonas State, Northern Brazil.

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Giant Amazon water lily (Victoria regia) flowering, in Lake Purema, in the "várzea" floodplain near Silves town, Amazonas State, Northern Brazil.

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Flock of Black Skimmers (Rhynchops niger) on the Tapiira beach of Japurá Lake, Amanã Sustainable Development Reserve, Amazonas State, Brazil.

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Giant Amazon water lily (Victoria regia) flowering in Lake Purema, in the "várzea" floodplain near Silves town, Amazonas State, Northern Brazil.

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Female Red Uakari monkey (Cacajao calvus rubicundus) in Amazon Rainforest, Amazonas State, Northern Brazil. Endangered

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Large-billed Terns (Phaetusa simplex) Mamirauá Lake, Mamirauá Sustainable Development Reserve, Amazonas State, Northern Brazil.

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Brazilian yellow banded pink toe tarantula (Avicularia juruensis) on tree trunk of "várzea" Amazon flooded forest, Mamirauá Sustainable Development Reserve, Amazonas State, Northern Brazil.

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Palm {Astrocaryum acaule} in rainforest, Cuieiras Biological Reserve, near Manaus city, Amazonas State, Northern Brazil.

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Orchid {Cattleya eldorado} in the "campina" vegetation, at Campina Biological Reserve of the National Institute for Research in the Amazon, Amazonas State, Northern Brazil.

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Black Caiman (Caiman / Melanosuchus niger) Mamirauá Lake, Mamirauá Sustainable Development Reserve, Amazonas State, Northern Brazil.

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Black Caiman (Caiman / Melanosuchus niger) in Mamirauá Lake, Mamirauá Sustainable Development Reserve, Amazonas State, Northern Brazil.

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Lichens (Cladonia sp) growing on the rainforest floor in the "campina" vegetation, at Campina Biological Reserve of the National Institute for Research in the Amazon, Amazonas State, Northern Brazil.

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Wattled Jacana (Jacana jacana) on the margin of Mamirauá Lake, Mamirauá Sustainable Development Reserve, Amazonas State, Northern Brazil.

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Tourists viewing the Giant Water Lilies (Victoria regia) during tour to the meeting of the waters and the Amazon Rainforest, near Manaus city, Amazonas State, Northern Brazil.

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Aerial view of oil pollution on the surface of the Negro River near Manaus city, Amazonas State, Northern Brazil.

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Late Dr. William D. Hamilton, one of the greatest evolution biologists of the 20th century, at work in the field, at Mamiraua¡ Sustainable Development Reserve, Amazonas State, Brazil.

Luiz Claudio Marigo / The drought of 2007 was so severe in the Amazon Basin that this watercourse was "closed". Amazonas River, between Itacoatiara town and the mouth of Madeira River, Amazonas State, Northern Brazil.

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Pink / Amazon river dolphin (Inia geoffrensis) in the Negro River, municipality of Novo Airão, Amazonas State, Brazil.

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Aerial view of Anavilhanas Ecological Station and its headquarters in floating houses on "igapó" flooded Amazon Rainforest, in Negro River, north of Manaus city, Amazonas State, Northern Brazil.

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Traditional wooden riverside house on the Amazonas River near Terra Santa town, Western Pará State, Northern Brazil.

Luiz Claudio Marigo / "Igapó" Amazon flooded rainforest near the left bank of Negro River during the 2007 flood. Negro River, Amazonas State, Northern Brazil.

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Giant Arrau Turtle (Podocnemis expansa) captive, National Institute for Research on the Amazon, Manaus city, Amazonas State, Northern Brazil.

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Orchid {Cattleya violacea} in the "igapó" Amazon flooded rainforest, Anavilhanas Ecological Station, Negro River, Amazonas State, Northern Brazil.

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Male Red uakari monkey (Cacajao calvus rubicundus) in Amazon rainforest, Amazonas State, Northern Brazil. Endangered

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Aerial view of fire burning the vegetation of the floodplain on the right margin of the Amazonas River, between Manaus city and Itacoatiara town, Amazonas State, Northern Brazil.

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Aerial view of Madeirinha River that flows parallel to the Madeira River, and lakes of its floodplain ("várzea") with different colours of water, at Northwest of Borba town, Amazonas State, Northern...

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Festive Amazon parrot (Amazona festiva) and Orange-winged Amazon parrot (Amazona amazonica) captive, with strong contrast in the pigmentation of their feathers, in Manaus city, Amazonas State, Brazil.

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Aerial view of Anavilhanas Ecological Station and "igapó" flooded Amazon Rainforest, in Negro River, north of Manaus city, Amazonas State, Northern Brazil.

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Aerial view of the harbour of Manaus city, Amazonas State, Northern Brazil.

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Aerial view of Paracuúba channel that connects the Soilimões River to the Negro River, before the meeting of the waters, near Manaus city, Amazonas State, Northern Brazil.

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Aerial view of flooded region full of Amazon lakes of the Madeirinha River, South of the AM-254 road and West of Autazes town, Amazonas State, Northern Brazil.

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Aerial view showing layers of sediments that are deposited over long periods of time (decades) on the margin of the rivers forming Amazon "restingas", as here on this island of Madeira River, during...

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Aerial view of "Várzea" rainforest floodplain with lakes, watercourses etc. of Amazonas River, South of Itacoatiara town, Amazonas State, Northern Brazil.

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Aerial view of Jaú National Park and "igapó" flooded Amazon rainforest, in Negro River upriver of Manaus city, Amazonas State, Northern Brazil.

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Aerial view of Meeting of waters of Solimões and Negro Rivers, 14km West of Manaus city, Amazonas State, Northern Brazil.

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Fish market Manaus Moderna, near the Manaus municipal market, on the banks of the Negro River, Amazonas State, Brazil.

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Aerial view of Amazon black water lake and Amazon rainforest near Nova Olinda do Norte town, Amazonas State, Northern Brazil.

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Sunlight filtering through trees of "várzea" flooded Amazon forest on the banks of the Amazonas River, Amazonas State, Northern Brazil.

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Aerial view of village in the "várzea" flooded rainforest of Amazonas River, near Manaus city, Amazonas State, Northern Brazil.

Luiz Claudio Marigo / "Jauari" palms (Astrocaryum jauari) in the "Igapó" Amazon flooded rainforest of Anavilhanas Ecological Station during the 2007 flood. Negro River, Amazonas State, Northern Brazil.

Luiz Claudio Marigo / "Buriti" palm trees (Mauritia flexuosa) along a watercourse / igarapé near Manaus city, Amazonas State, Northern Brazil.

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Aerial view of the meeting of the waters of the Negro (right) and Soilimões rivers that together form the Amazonas River, 14km west of Manaus, in Amazonas State, Northern Brazil.

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Aerial view of a very complex Amazon "várzea" (floodplain), to the South of Itacoatiara town and East of the meeting of Madeira River and Amazonas River, in the right margin of Amazonas River, Amazon...

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Pink / Amazon river dolphin (Inia geoffrensis) in the Negro River, municipality of Novo Airão, Amazonas State, Brazil.