Ingo Arndt / Silkmoth caterpillar with eye spots to mimic snake {Oxytenis beprea} Guanacaste, Costa Rica

Ingo Arndt / Silkmoth caterpillar with eye spots to mimic snake {Oxytenis modestia} Guanacaste, Costa Rica, Central America

Ingo Arndt / Oleander hawkmoth caterpillar showing eye spots for defense {Daphnis nerii}

Luis Quinta / Common genet (Genetta genetta) portrait, Arrabida Natural Park, Portugal, March.

Bert Willaert,Bert Willaert / Chile Four-eyed Frog (Pleurodema thaul) showing how it got its name - eye spots on the back of it's body, Chile, December,. Controlled conditions,

Alex Hyde / Bullseye / Io moth (Automeris io) showing eye spot markings on wings during deimatic display to deter predators, photographed on a white background, originating from North and Central America, sequenc...

Alex Hyde / Bullseye / Io moth (Automeris io) showing eye spot markings on wings during deimatic display to deter predators, originating from North and Central America, sequence 2 of 2. Captive.

Alex Hyde / Bullseye / Io moth (Automeris io) resting on leaf with eye spot markings on wings hidden, originating from North and Central America, sequence 1 of 2. Captive.

Alex Hyde / Spiny flower mantis (Pseudocreobotra wahlbergii) in threat display with wings extended showing eye spots on wing cases. Captive, originating from Africa.

Mitsuhiko Imamori / Impatiens Hawk Moth (Theretra oldenlandiae) caterpillar displaying false eye-spots, Central America

Yashpal Rathore / Indian leopard (Panthera pardus fusca) on rock with forested hills beyond. Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve, India. Camera trap image. 2019.

Ingo Arndt / Close up of eye on wing of butterfly {Imbrasia wahlbergi} Africa

Ingo Arndt / Tropical moth on leaf reveals eyespots to avoid predation, Costa Rica. Sequence 2/2

Ingo Arndt / Tropical moth on leaf reveals eyespots to avoid predation, Costa Rica. Sequence 1/2

Ingo Arndt / Silkmoth caterpillar with eye spots to mimic snake {Oxytenis beprea} Guanacaste, Costa Rica, Central America

Ingo Arndt / Silkmoth caterpillar with eye spots to mimic snake {Oxytenis beprea} Guanacaste, Costa Rica, Central America

Ingo Arndt / Silkmoth caterpillar with eye spots to mimic snake {Oxytenis modestia} Guanacaste, Costa Rica

Ingo Arndt / Silkmoth caterpillar with eye spots to mimic snake {Oxytenis modestia} Guanacaste, Costa Rica, Central America

Ingo Arndt / Silkmoth caterpillar with eye spots to mimic snake {Oxytenis modestia} Guanacaste, Costa Rica

Ingo Arndt / Silkmoth caterpillar with eye spots to mimic snake {Oxytenis modestia} Guanacaste, Costa Rica, Central America

Ingo Arndt / Oleander hawkmoth caterpillar showing eye spots for defense {Daphnis nerii}

Sylvain Cordier / Lanternfly (Fulgoridae) showing eye spots, Peru / Bolivia, South America

Thomas Marent / Moth (Automeris sp) with false eye-spots on hind wings, Guacharo Cave National Park, Colombia

Doug Wechsler / Moth (Automeris sp) with wings open showing eye spots, Province Loja, Jorupe Biological Reserve, Ecuador

Peter Cairns / European lynx (Lynx lynx) adult female walking in deep snow in winter birch forest, captive. Norway. April.

Alex Mustard / Details of an old Bluespotted stingray (Taeniura lymma) lying on the seabed. Fury Shoal, Egypt. Red Sea

Franco Banfi / Eye detail of Tasselled wobbegong (Eucrossorhinus dasypogon) Cendana Jetty, Waigeo island, Raja Ampat, Irian Jaya, West Papua, Indonesia, Pacific Ocean

Jussi Murtosaari / Mountain Apollo (Parnassius apollo) close-up of eye-spots on wing, Finland, July

Alex Hyde / Elephant Hawkmoth (Deilephila elpenor) caterpillar showing eye spots mimicing a snake, photographed on a white background. Peak District National Park, UK. September.

Alex Hyde / Eyed hawkmoth (Smerinthus ocellatus) showing eye spots on wings during deimatic display to deter predators, Surrey, UK. Sequence 2 of 2.

Mark Payne-Gill / Peacock Butterfly (Inachis io) hibernating in log pile. Wings open to show warning eye pattern on wing topside. Studio. Bristol, UK, March.

Nick Upton / Nine-spotted moth (Amata phegea) feeding from Ox-eye daisy (Leucanthemum vulgare) flower, Julian Alps, Slovenia, July

Alex Hyde / Bullseye / Io moth (Automeris io) showing eye spot markings on wings during deimatic display to deter predators, originating from North and Central America, sequence 2 of 2. Captive.

Alex Hyde / Assam silkmoth (Antheraea assamensis) close up of eye spot on wing, originating from India, Burma and Sundaland. Captive.

John Cancalosi / Lantern Fly / Machaca (Fulgora lampetis) displaying eye-spots, used to startle potential predators. Santa Rosa National park tropical dry forest, Costa Rica.

Alex Hyde / Eyed hawkmoth (Smerinthus ocellatus) showing eye spots on wings as defensive behaviour, photographed on a white background, Surrey, UK. Sequence 2 of 2.

John Cancalosi / Lantern Fly / Machaca (Fulgora lampetis) displaying eye-spots, used to startle potential predators. Santa Rosa National park tropical dry forest, Costa Rica.

Edwin Giesbers / Male Indian peafowl (Pavo cristatus) close-up of tail feathers, captive

Christian Ziegler / Lantern Bug (Fulgora laternaria) with false eye spots on its wings, Barro Colorado Island, Panama

Juergen Freund / Antennae-like appendages / tentacles above the eyes of a Common lionfish (Pterios volitans) on top of the reef. Lembeh Strait, North Sulawesi, Indonesia.

Donald M. Jones / Mountain Pygmy-Owl (Glaucidium gnoma) showing false eye spots on the back of the head, northwestern Montana. Sequence 2 of 2

Alex Hyde / Caterpillar with large eye spots amongst rainforest vegetation. Andasibe-Mantadia NP, Madagascar.

Pete Oxford / Moth (Automeris sp) wings with false-eye spots, Mindo Cloud Forest, western slope of Andes, Ecuador

Robert Thompson / Zigzag emperor moth (Gonimbrasia tyrrhea) male, resting on tree trunk, South Africa, June

Robert Thompson / Mopane moth (Gonimbrasia belina) resting, camouflaged on tree trunk, captive, from Africa

Sue Daly / Eye of Bristley pufferfish / Toby fish (Arothon hispidus) Lembeh Straits, Sulawesi, Indonesia

Barry Mansell / Red-eyed Cave Crayfish (Procambarus erythrops) from an underground aquifer, Sims Sink, Swannee County, Florida, species of special concern, USA, Blind but with non-functional eye-spots that control...

Barry Mansell / Red eyed cave crayfish (Procambarus erythrops) Sims Sink , Swannee Co. Florida, USA, Blind but with non-functional eye-spots that control moulting.

Barry Mansell / Red-eyed Cave Crayfish (Procambarus erythrops) from an underground aquifer, Sims Sink, Swannee County, Florida, species of special concern, USA, Blind but with non-functional eye-spots that control...

Barry Mansell / Red-eyed Cave Crayfish (Procambarus erythrops) from an underground aquifer, Sims Sink, Swannee County, Florida, species of special concern, USA, Blind but with non-functional eye-spots that control...

Wild Wonders of Europe / Ziegler / European pond terrapin (Emys orbicularis) close-up of eye, The Peloponnese, Greece, May 2009

Claudio Contreras / Peanut-head bug (Fulgora laternaria) defense display showing eye spots on hind wings, El Cielo Biosphere Reserve, Tamaulipas, northeast Mexico, August

Andy Rouse / Leopard (Panthera pardus) close up of face and eye, South Africa

Fred Bavendam / Ocellated Flounder (Pseudorhombus dupliciocellatus) fake eye spots, Lembeh Strait, Indonesia

Donald M. Jones / Northern Pygmy Owl (Glaucidium californicum) with head turned showing false eye spots, western Montana. Sequence 2of 2

Michael D. Kern / The Tokay gecko (Gekko gecko) licking its eye, captive, from Asia

Tom Vezo / Polyphemus moth {Antheraea polyphemus} New York, USA

Tom Vezo / Polyphemus moth {Antheraea polyphemus} New York, USA

Tom Vezo / Polyphemus moth {Antheraea polyphemus} New York, USA

PREMAPHOTOS / Caterpillar larva of Moth (Naprepa sp) with eye-like markings on the rear end forming a false head, Costa Rica

PREMAPHOTOS / Saturniid moth(Automeris bilinea) with front wings closed obscuring eye-spots on the hind-wings, in rainforest, Peru

PREMAPHOTOS / Lantern-fly bug (Cathedra serrata) displaying defensive eye-spots when disturbed, on a tree in rainforest, Brazil

Nature Production / Peanut-head Bug / Lantern fly {Fulgora / Laternaria laternaria) defense display showing its eye spots on hind wings, Costa Rica

Jane Burton / Three Dalmatian pups, 8 weeks old, sitting and lying together. The pup with one blue eye is unilaterally deaf.

Jane Burton / Three Dalmatian puppies, 8 weeks old. The pup with one blue eye is unilaterally deaf.

Phil Savoie / Close up on eye spots of Morpho butterfly (Morpho pelaides) La Selva, Costa Rica

Phil Savoie / Close up on eye spots of Morpho butterfly (Morpho peleides) La Selva, Costa Rica

Christian Ziegler / Lantern Bug (Fulgora laternaria) showing false eye spots on wings, Panama

Piotr Naskrecki / Butterfly (Salamis parhassus) showing false eye spots on underside of wings, Guinea, West Africa

Piotr Naskrecki / Forest Giant-Owl (Caligo eurilochus) butterfly showing false eye spots, Costa Rica

Andy Sands / Emporer Moth male {Saturnia pavonia} close up of eye spots wing detail, captive, UK.

Russell Cooper / Peacock butterfly showing eye spots {Inachis io} England UK

Pete Oxford / Lantern Bug (Fulgora laternaria) camouflaged on tree trunk showing false eye spots on wings, Amazon rainforest, Ecuador

Pete Oxford / Lantern Bug (Fulgora laternaria) camouflaged on tree trunk showing false eye spots on wings, Amazon rainforest, Ecuador

Michael & Patricia Fogden / Banded King Shoemaker (Prepona demophon) catterpillar anterior body expanded to expose false eye spots and mimic snake, note eggs of parasitic Tachinid fly, rainforest, Costa Rica

Michael & Patricia Fogden / Southern Frog (Physalaemus sp) flashes false eye spots in defensive display, rainforest, Manu National Park Reserve, Peru

Claus Meyer / Saturniid Moth (Saturniidae) showing false eye spots on wings, Caatinga ecosystem, Brazil

Chris Newbert / Ocellated Lionfish (Dendrochirus biocellatus) nocturnal fish with two eye-spots on fin that mimic eyes of a predator, Solomon Islands

Ingo Arndt / Oleander Hawk Moth (Daphnis nerii) caterpillar, close up of head with false eye spots

Ingo Arndt / Saturniid Moth (Oxytenis beprea) caterpillar with false eye spots

Ingo Arndt / Dead-leaf Moth (Oxytenis modestia) caterpillar exhibiting false eye spots

Ingo Arndt / Dead-leaf Moth (Oxytenis modestia) caterpillar exhibiting false eye spots

Ingo Arndt / Dead-leaf Moth (Oxytenis modestia) caterpillar exhibiting false eye spots

Ingo Arndt / Dead-leaf Moth (Oxytenis modestia) caterpillar exhibiting false eye spots

Mark Moffett / Peacock Katydid (Pterochroza ocellata) flashing false eye spots in defensive posture, Rio Momon, Peru

Mark Moffett / Peacock Katydid (Pterochroza ocellata) with false eye spots, Amazonian, Peru

Mitsuhiko Imamori / Impatiens Hawk Moth (Theretra oldenlandiae) caterpillar displaying false eye-spots, Central America

Mitsuhiko Imamori / Moth of unknown species displaying false eye-spots on spread wings, Central America

Ingo Arndt / Dead-leaf Moth (Oxytenis modestia) caterpillar exhibiting false eye spots

David Fleetham / Coral grouper / hind (Cephalopholis miniata), with cleaner shrimp inspecting its eye for parasites, Mabul Island, Malaysia.

Donald M. Jones / Mountain Pygmy-Owl (Glaucidium gnoma) with false eye spots on back of head, western Montana

Donald M. Jones / Mountain Pygmy-Owl (Glaucidium gnoma) with mouse prey with head turned showing false eye spots, western Montana. Sequence 2 of 2

Roberto Rinaldi / Eye of Brisley puffer / white-spotted puffer (Arothron hispidus), Layang Layang, Borneo, Malaysia.

Pete Oxford / Peacock pansy butterfly (Junonia almana) on leaf at sunset. Kaziranga National Park, Assam, India