Christian Ziegler / Ant (Crematogaster sp) group defending Macaranga (Macaranga sp) plant, but are fooled by caterpillar that is using fake ant pheromones, Lambir Hills National Park, Sarawak, Malaysia

Christian Ziegler / Ant (Crematogaster sp) group defending Macaranga (Macaranga sp) plant, but are fooled by caterpillar that is using fake ant pheromones, Lambir Hills National Park, Sarawak, Malaysia

Mark Moffett / Pitcher Plant (Nepenthes bicalcarata) traps insects in fluid filled cup where the insects drown and are slowly digested by the plant's juices, Borneo

Mark Moffett / Carpenter Ant (Camponotus sp) on tendril of host Villose Pitcher Plant (Nepenthes villosa) a symbiotic relationship where the ants help host digest insects in exchange for living space, Borneo

Mark Moffett / Ant (Philidris sp) group feeding on the oily orange spores of a host fern The ants live in the fern's stem, where they gather nutrient rich debris to create compost for the fern, Borneo

Mark Moffett / Carpenter Ant (Camponotus sp) group safely carry large insects up the slippery walls of a pitcher plant without getting trapped and drowning in the plant's digestive juices, Brunei, Borneo

Mark Moffett / Ant (Colobopsis sp) in pitcher plant, grabs drowned prey, Brunei, Borneo

Mark Moffett / Carpenter Ant (Camponotus sp) swims unharmed in digestive juices of pitcher plant collecting large prey which would otherwise decompose and turn juices foul The symbiotic relationship benefits both an...

Mark Moffett / Carpenter Ant (Camponotus sp) swims unharmed in digestive juices of pitcher plant collecting cricket prey which would otherwise decompose and turn juices foul, the symbiotic relationship benefits both...

Mark Moffett / Carpenter Ant (Camponotus sp) group adults and pupae nest safely in tendril of carnivorous pitcher plant, Borneo

Mark Moffett / Carpenter Ant (Camponotus sp) adults and pupae nest safely in tendril of carnivorous Pitcher Plant, Borneo

Mark Moffett / Ant (Formicidae) colony living in Ant Plant (Hydnophytum sp), Bako National Park, Borneo

Mark Moffett / Ant Plant (Hydnophytum sp) which grows plastered to tree trunks, provides (Philidris sp) ants with a home, drawing nutrients from insect parts collected and brought home by the ants, Bako Park, Sarawa...

Mark Moffett / Ant (Philidris sp) nursery thriving around slender white leaf roots of a (Dischidia major) which draw nourishment from insect parts collected by ants, Bako, Borneo

Mark Moffett / Ant (Philidris sp) group lives in the fern's speckled stem, where they drag nutrient rich debris to create compost for the fern Orange spores provide food source for ants, Bako, Borneo

Mark Moffett / Ant (Philidris sp) group live in the fern's speckled stem, where they drag nutrient rich debris to create compost for the fern Orange spores provide food source for ants, Bako, Borneo

Mark Moffett / Carpenter Ant (Camponotus sp) group and pupae nest safely in tendril of carnivorous pitcher plant, Borneo

Mark Moffett / Primitive ant plants like this Borneo Fern often have ants living in the soil at the base of their leaves

Mark Moffett / Carpenter Ant (Camponotus sp) adults and pupae nest safely in tendril of carnivorous Pitcher Plant, Borneo

Mark Moffett / Carpenter Ant (Camponotus sp) on tendril of host Villose Pitcher Plant (Nepenthes villosa) a symbiotic relationship where the ants help host digest insects in exchange for living space, Borneo

Mark Moffett / Carpenter Ant (Camponotus sp) on tendril of host Villose Pitcher Plant (Nepenthes villosa) a symbiotic relationship where the ants help host digest insects in exchange for living space, Borneo

Mark Moffett / Ant (Myrmicaria sp) group defend a young bamboo plant in exchange for nectar found between the plant's segments, Malaysia

Mark Moffett / Carpenter Ant (Camponotus sp) swims unharmed in digestive juices of pitcher plant collecting large prey which would otherwise decompose and turn juices foul The symbiotic relationship benefits both an...

Mark Moffett / Ant (Philidris sp) group lives in the fern's speckled stem, where they drag nutrient rich debris to create compost for the fern Orange spores provide food source for ants, Bako, Borneo