Alex Hyde / Peacock butterfly (Inachis io) feeding on Goat Willow catkins (Salix caprea), an important food source for pollinators in early spring. Peak District National Park, UK. April.

Heather Angel / Stigmas in female flowers of single Wax begonia (Begonia semperflorens group) mimic pollen laden stamens produced by male flowers but offer no reward to pollinators, which land on them and pollinate t...

Heather Angel / Seep monkey flower (Mimulus guttatus), bifid stigma above stamens. Nectar spot guides and central groove leading pollinators to nectar. Focus stacked.

Heather Angel / Titan arum (Amorphophallus titanum) at Kew Gardens, London, UK. Emits odour at night to attract carrion beetle and flesh fly pollinators. Native to Sumatra, Indonesia.

Heather Angel / Scarlet monkey flower (Mimulus cardinalis). The high position of the stamens and stigma ensure that the heads of hummingbird pollinators make contact with them whilst nectaring. Cultivated in garden,...

Heather Angel / Gold band lily (Lilium auratum) flower. Yellow nectar guides lead pollinators to nectaries. Pollinators are swallowtail butterflies and hawkmoths. Cultivated in garden, Surrey, England, UK. Native to...

Heather Angel / Bumblebee scarab beetles (Pygopleurus humeralis) feeding on Phelypaea flower (Phelypaea coccinea). Flower has marks that mimic beetle elytra wings to attract pollinators. Plant parasitic on Tanacetum...

Heather Angel / Brazilian Dutchman's pipe flower (Aristolochia gigantea) with green inflated pouch. Flower smells of carrion to attract fly pollinators. Cultivated in glasshouse, Surrey, England, UK. Native to Br...

Heather Angel / Foxglove (Digitalis purpurea) flower, backlit with stamens and style visible through corolla. Dark spots on lower lip attract bumblebee pollinators. Pollinated by bumblebees with long proboscis. Contr...

Heather Angel / Brazilian Dutchman's pipe flower (Aristolochia gigantea) with green inflated pouch. Flower smells of carrion to attract fly pollinators. Cultivated in glasshouse, Surrey, England, UK. Native to Br...

Heather Angel / Santa Cruz water lily (Victoria cruziana) flower reflected in pond. Fragrant scent attracts beetle pollinators. In cultivation at Kew Gardens, London, England, UK. Native to South America.

Heather Angel / Lisbon false sun-rose / Yellow rock rose (Halimium lasianthum) flowers. Blotch at base of petals guides pollinators to nectar source.