John Abbott / Wasp (Pteromalus puparum), parasitoid wasp of butterfly pupae including Monarch butterflies (Danaus plexippus) Brackenridge Field Laboratory, Austin, Travis Co, Texas, USA, December.

Nature Production / Pteromalid Wasp waiting for Mack's swallowtail butterfly {Papilio maackii tutanus} caterpillar larva to pupate, Japan

Nick Upton / Chalcid wasp (Pteromalus sp.) a parasite of Leafcutter bees (Megachile sp.), inspecting host nest burrows in an insect hotel, Wiltshire garden, UK. July.

Nick Upton / Wood-carving leafcutter bee (Megachile ligniseca) nest cell with an exit hole chewed out in spring, probably by emerging parasitic Chalcid wasps (Pteromalus sp.), whose larvae develop inside Leafcutte...

John Abbott / Butterfly pupal parasite wasp (Pteromalus puparum) having just emerge, Brackenridge Field Laboratory, Texas, USA. (Pteromalidae).