Paul Harcourt Davies / Emperor Moth (Saturnia pavoniella) male, on tree bark, Orvieto, Umbria, Italy, April

Paul Harcourt Davies / Emperor Moth (Saturnia pavoniella) eggs and larvae. Torrealfina, Orvieto, Italy, April

Paul Harcourt Davies / Emperor Moth (Saturnia pavoniella) eggs and larvae. Torrealfina, Orvieto, Italy, April

Paul Harcourt Davies / Emperor Moth (Saturnia pavoniella) male female pair, male in front of female, Orvieto, Umbria, Italy, April

Paul Harcourt Davies / Emperor Moth (Saturnia pavoniella) close-up of feathered antennae, Orvieto, Umbria, Italy, April

Paul Harcourt Davies / Emperor Moth (Saturnia pavoniella) close-up of eye spot of wing, Orvieto, Umbria, Italy, April

Paul Harcourt Davies / Emperor Moths (Saturnia pavoniella) mating, male on left and female on right of the photograph, Orvieto, Umbria, Italy, April

Paul Harcourt Davies / Emperor Moth (Saturnia pavoniella) male female pair, male on left and female on right of the photograph, Orvieto, Umbria, Italy, April

Paul Harcourt Davies / Emperor Moth (Saturnia pavoniella) male with wings closed, Orvieto, Umbria, Italy, April

Paul Harcourt Davies / Emperor Moth (Saturnia pavoniella) female with wings open, Orvieto, Umbria, Italy, April

Colin Varndell / Emporor Moth caterpillar (Saturnia pavonia) on heather, Winfrith Heath, Dorset, England, UK July

Paul Harcourt Davies / Green late instar caterpillar larvae of the Emperor moth (Saturnia pavoniella) early instar black caterpillars live communally, later they moult, become green, much larger and live singly. Italy