Roland Seitre / Spix's Macaw (Cyanopsitta spixii) male and female pair, portrait, captive, critically endangered species, from Brazil

Roland Seitre / Mauricio dos Santos with a captive bred Spix's macaw (Cyanopsitta spixii), critically endangered species, site of the first attempts to breed Spix's macaw after their extinction in the wild, Recife, P...

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Spix's guan {Penelope jacquacu} River Negro, Amazonas, Brazil

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Habitat of Spix's macaw with {Tabebuia caraiba} tree, Bahia, Brazil

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Spix's guan {Penelope jacquacu} River Negro, Amazonas, Brazil

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Spix's guan {Penelope jacquacu} River Negro, Amazonas, Brazil

Lucas Bustamante / Spix's Guan (Penelope jacquacu) Tambopata National Reserve, Madre de Dios, Peru.

Lucas Bustamante / Spix's night monkeys (Aotus vociferans) in a tree hole, Yasuni National Park, Orellana, Ecuador

Lucas Bustamante / Spix's guans (Penelope jacquacu) on clay lick, Tambopata National Reserve, Madre de Dios, Peru.

Lucas Bustamante / Three Spix's night monkeys (Aotus vociferans) looking out of a hole in a tree trunk, Cuyabeno National Park, Sucumbios, Ecuador.

Roland Seitre / Moustached tamarin (Saguinus mystax) sticking tongue out, captive at Jacobo Lacs breeding facilities, Elevage Jacobo Lacs, Colon, Panama.a. Native to Brazil and Peru.

Roland Seitre / Moustached tamarin (Saguinus mystax) captive at Jacobo Lacs breeding facilities, Elevage Jacobo Lacs, Colon, Panama. Native to Brazil and Peru.

Roland Seitre / Moustached tamarin (Saguinus mystax) captive at Jacobo Lacs breeding facilities, Elevage Jacobo Lacs, Colon, Panama. Native to Brazil and Peru.

Roland Seitre / Moustached tamarin (Saguinus mystax) captive at Jacobo Lacs breeding facilities, Elevage Jacobo Lacs, Colon, Panama. Native to Brazil and Peru.

Roland Seitre / Moustached tamarin (Saguinus mystax) calling, captive at Jacobo Lacs breeding facilities, Elevage Jacobo Lacs, Colon, Panama. Native to Brazil and Peru.

Roland Seitre / Moustached tamarin (Saguinus mystax) calling captive at Jacobo Lacs breeding facilities, Elevage Jacobo Lacs, Colon, Panama. Native to Brazil and Peru.

Roland Seitre / Moustached tamarin (Saguinus mystax) captive at Jacobo Lacs breeding facilities, Elevage Jacobo Lacs, Colon, Panama. Native to Brazil and Peru.

Pete Oxford / Spix's Disk-winged Bat (Thyroptera tricolor) flying showing discs on feet, Yasuni National Park, Amazon, Ecuador

Roland Seitre / Spix's Macaw (Cyanopsitta spixii) portrait, captive, critically endangered species, from Brazil

Roland Seitre / Spix's Macaw (Cyanopsitta spixii) male and female pair touching beaks, captive, critically endangered species, from Brazil

Roland Seitre / Matthias Reinschmidt, Curator of La Vera Breeding Station at Loro Parque, Tenerife, Canary Islands with a captive bred Spix's macaw (Cyanopsitta spixii)

Roland Seitre / Mauricio and Adriana dos Santos with a captive bred Spix's macaw (Cyanopsitta spixii), critically endangered species, site of the first attempts to breed Spix's macaw after their extinction in the wil...

Roland Seitre / Bird cages at the Ararinha Azul project (Little blue macaw project) Curaca, Bahia, Brazil, for the breeding and ultimate release of captive Spix's macaw (Cyanopsitta spixii) Critically endangered spec...

Roland Seitre / Sign for the Ararinha Azul project (Little blue macaw project) Curaca, Bahia, Brazil, for the breeding and ultimate release of captive Spix's macaw (Cyanopsitta spixii) Critically endangered species

Roland Seitre / Drama group acting out the story of the Critically endangered Spix's macaw (Cyanopsitta spixii) to children near Curaca, Bahia, Brazil, where the last known wild individuals were seen.

Roland Seitre / Children being taught about the Critically endangered Spix's macaw (Cyanopsitta spixii) at a school near Curaca, Bahia, Brazil, where the last known wild individuals were seen.

Roland Seitre / Children being taught about the Critically endangered Spix's macaw (Cyanopsitta spixii) at a school near Curaca, Bahia, Brazil, where the last known wild individuals were seen.

Roland Seitre / Children being taught about the Critically endangered Spix's macaw (Cyanopsitta spixii) at a school near Curaca, Bahia, Brazil, where the last known wild individuals were seen.

Roland Seitre / Wooden sculptures of Spix's macaw (Cyanopsitta spixii) made by Carlos Campinas da Silva, near Curaca, Bahia, Brazil, critically endangered species

Roland Seitre / Wooden sculptures of Spix's macaw (Cyanopsitta spixii) made by Carlos Campinas da Silva, near Curaca, Bahia, Brazil, critically endangered species

Roland Seitre / Spix's macaw (Cyanopsitta spixii) head portrait, Critically Endangered, captive, from Brazil

Roland Seitre / Spix's macaw (Cyanopsitta spixii) two perched, portraits, Critically Endangered, captive, from Brazil

Roland Seitre / Spix's macaw (Cyanopsitta spixii) portrait, Critically Endangered, captive, from Brazil

Christian Ziegler / Spix's Disk-winged Bat (Thyroptera tricolor) pair roosting in rolled up Heliconia (Heliconia sp) leaf with the help of tiny suction cups on their wings, Smithsonian Tropical Research Station, Barro Co...

Christian Ziegler / Spix's Disk-winged Bat (Thyroptera tricolor) group roosting in rolled up Heliconia (Heliconia sp) leaf with the help of tiny suction cups on their wings, Smithsonian Tropical Research Station, Barro C...

Christian Ziegler / Spix's Disk-winged Bat (Thyroptera tricolor) placed in a glass cylinder to show suction cups on its wings, Smithsonian Tropical Research Station, Barro Colorado Island, Panama

Luiz Claudio Marigo / White-browed / Spix's Guan (Penelope jacquacu) foraging in Caatinga vegetation, at Serra da Capivara National Park, municipality of Sao Raimundo Nonato, southeastern Piaua State, northeastern Brazil....

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Two White-browed / Spix's Guan (Penelope jacquacu) foraging in Caatinga vegetation, at Serra da Capivara National Park, municipality of Sao Raimundo Nonato, southeastern Piaua State, northeastern Braz...

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Two White-browed / Spix's Guan (Penelope jacquacu) perched on branch in Caatinga vegetation, at Serra da Capivara National Park, municipality of Sao Raimundo Nonato, southeastern Piaua State, northeas...

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Spix's Yellow-toothed cavy (Galea spixii) in its natural habitat, Caatinga vegetation, Serra das Almas Natural Reserve, western Ceara State, northeastern Brazil.

Murray Cooper / Spix's Night Monkey (Aotus vociferans) group looking out of tree hole, Amazon, Ecuador

Thomas Marent / Spix's Moustached Tamarin (Saguinus mystax) in tree, Pacaya Samiria National Park, Peru

Dietmar Nill / Spix's round eared bat {Tonatia bidens} Panama

Dietmar Nill / Spix's round eared bat {Tonatia bidens} close up of penis, captive, Panama

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Spix's macaw, last wild bird {Cyanopsitta spixii} Curaca, Bahia, Brazil

Luiz Claudio Marigo / Spix's macaw, last wild bird {Cyanopsitta spixii} Curaca, Bahia, Brazil

Staffan Widstrand / Spix's guan {Penelope jacquacu} Manu NP. Peru

Pete Oxford / Spix's yellow-toothed cavi {Galea spixii} Cerrado, Brazil

Claus Meyer / Little Blue Macaw (Cyanopsitta spixii) perching on branch, Pantanal, Brazil

Claus Meyer / Little Blue Macaw (Cyanopsitta spixii) perching on branch, Pantanal, Brazil

Claus Meyer / Little Blue Macaw (Cyanopsitta spixii) perching on branch, Pantanal, Brazil

Claus Meyer / Little Blue Macaw (Cyanopsitta spixii) pair perching on branch, Pantanal, Brazil

Claus Meyer / Spix's Mustached Tamarin (Saguinus mystax) portrait, Amazon ecosystem, Brazil

Claus Meyer / Spix's Mustached Tamarin (Saguinus mystax) portrait, Amazon ecosystem, Brazil

Claus Meyer / Little Blue Macaw (Cyanopsitta spixii) female, Curaca, Bahia, Brazil

Pete Oxford / Spix's yellow-toothed cavi {Galea spixii} Cerrado, Piaui state, Brazil

Pete Oxford / Spix's guan {Penelope jacquacu} Madre de Dios rainforest, Peru, South America

Dietmar Nill / Spix's round eared bat (Tonatia bidens) close-up of head. Panama, Central America

Nick Gordon / Spix's macaw - Endangered species, Brazil Amazonia

Cyril Ruoso / Spix's Night Monkey (Aotus vociferans), Pacaya Samiria National Park, Peru

Roland Seitre / Spix's Mustached Tamarin (Saguinus mystax) calling, breeding facilities at Zoologico del Istmo, Colon, Panama

Roland Seitre / Spix's Mustached Tamarin (Saguinus mystax), breeding facilities at Zoologico del Istmo, Colon, Panama

Paul D Stewart / Illustration of tribal chief with Macaw (Ara sp.) feather ornaments. Early Lithographic print by Brodtmann, from Dr. Shinz, 'Naturgeschichte und Abbilldungen der Saugethiere' 1827/1840, with hand colo...

Pete Oxford / Spix's Disk-winged Bat (Thyroptera tricolor) with bat researcher Jaime Guerra, Yasuni National Park, Amazon, Ecuador

Pete Oxford / Spix's Disk-winged Bat (Thyroptera tricolor) in rolled leaf of Heliconia (Heliconia sp), Yasuni National Park, Amazon, Ecuador

Christian Ziegler / Spix's Disk-winged Bat (Thyroptera tricolor) group roosting in rolled up Heliconia (Heliconia sp) leaf with the help of tiny suction cups on their wings, Smithsonian Tropical Research Station, Barro C...

Claus Meyer / Little Blue Macaw (Cyanopsitta spixii) male, Curaca, Bahia, Brazil

Claus Meyer / Little Blue Macaw (Cyanopsitta spixii) female, experiencing freedom for the first time, Curaca, Bahia, Brazil

Murray Cooper / Spix's Night Monkey (Aotus vociferans) group emerging from tree cavity, Amazon, Ecuador

Grant Maslowski / Spix's disk-winged bat (Thyroptera tricolor) roosting within a plantation banana leaf, within a flight cage, Smithsonian Bat Lab, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institiute, Gamboa, Colon Province, Pana...

Grant Maslowski / Spix's disk-winged bat (Thyroptera tricolor) roosting within a plantation banana leaf, within a flight cage, Smithsonian Bat Lab, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institiute, Gamboa, Colon Province, Pana...

Grant Maslowski / Bat researcher inserting a transponder into Spix's disk-winged bat (Thyroptera tricolor), Smithsonian Bat Lab, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institiute, Gamboa, Colon Province, Panama. Captive (for on...

Grant Maslowski / Bat researcher holding Spix's disk-winged bat (Thyroptera tricolor) showing disks on its thumbs and hind feet that act as suction cups, Gamboa, Colon Province, Panama. Controlled conditions.

Tim Laman / Two Night monkeys (Aotus vociferans) peering out from tree cavity, Yasuni National Park, Orellana Province, Ecuador.

Tim Laman / Two Night monkeys (Aotus vociferans) peering out from tree cavity, Napo Wildlife Center, Yasuni National Park, Orellana Province, Ecuador.

Joel Sartore / Photo Ark / Spix's white-fronted capuchin (Cebus unicolor) female, head portrait, Quistococha Zoo, Peru. Captive.

Joel Sartore / Photo Ark / Spix's white-fronted capuchin (Cebus unicolor) female, walking, portrait, Quistococha Zoo, Peru. Captive.

Joel Sartore / Photo Ark / Moustached tamarin (Saguinus mystax) male, portrait, Prague Zoo. Captive, occurs in Central and South America.

Joel Sartore / Photo Ark / Moustached tamarin (Saguinus mystax) close up, Prague Zoo. Captive.

Joel Sartore / Photo Ark / Spix's horned treefrog (Hemiphractus scutatus) male profile, Balsa de los Sapos, Ecuador. Captive.

Joel Sartore / Photo Ark / Spix's horned treefrog (Hemiphractus scutatus) male close up, Balsa de los Sapos, Ecuador. Captive.

Joel Sartore / Photo Ark / Spix's horned tree frog (Hemiphractus scutatus) female profile, Centro Jambatu. Captive.

Christian Ziegler / Spix's Disk-winged Bat (Thyroptera tricolor) suction cup on foot at night, Smithsonian Tropical Research Station, Barro Colorado Island, Panama

Karine Aigner / Spix's night monkeys (Aotus vociferans) in a tree hole, Yasuni National Park, Orellana, Ecuador

Morley Read / Wandering spider (Ctenidae) eating rare Spix's horned treefrog (Hemiphractus scutatus). Pastaza Province, Ecuador.

Morley Read / Wandering spider (Ctenidae) eating rare Spix's horned treefrog (Hemiphractus scutatus). Pastaza Province, Ecuador.

Konrad Wothe / Young Spix's white-fronted capuchin monkey (Cebus unicolor) rainforest, Amazon, Brazil.