Nigel Cattlin / Beet armyworm (Spodoptera exigua), group of caterpillars feeding on Chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum sp) flower. Pests of ornamental plants and many crops. Native to SE Asia.

Nigel Cattlin / Beet armyworm / Small mottled willow (Spodoptera exigua) moth on Cotton (Gossypium sp) flower bud.

Nigel Cattlin / Beet armyworm (Spodoptera exigua) caterpillar on Cotton (Gossypium sp) flower, pest on many crops.

Nigel Cattlin / Cotton leafworm (Spodoptera littoralis) caterpillars feeding on Cotton (Gossypium sp) leaf. Morocco.

Nigel Cattlin / Beet armyworm / Small mottled willow (Spodoptera exigua) moth on Cotton (Gossypium sp) flower bracts.

Nigel Cattlin / Paddy swarming / lawn armyworm (Spodoptera mauritia) caterpillar damaging on transplanted seedling Rice (Oryza sativa) crop , Philippines.

Nigel Cattlin / Paddy swarming /Lawn armyworm (Spodoptera mauritia) caterpillar damage to transplanted seedling Rice (Oryza sativa) crop , Philippines.

Nigel Cattlin / Paddy swarming / lawn armyworm (Spodoptera mauritia) caterpillar damage to transplanted seedling Rice (Oryza sativa) crop , Philippines.

Jane Burton / Speckle-lipped Skink (Mabuya maculilabris) feeding on Army-worm, caterpillar larva of (Spodoptera exempta) East Africa

Bruce Thomson / Tobacco cutworm / Cotton leafworm moth (Spodoptera litura) resting on a branch, Winton, Queensland, Australia.

Nigel Cattlin / Egyptian / African cotton leafworm / Mediterranean brocade (Spodoptera littoralis) female moth at rest on a cotton leaf

Nigel Cattlin / Immature Oriental leafworm (Spodoptera litura) caterpillars on a damaged cabbage plant, Malaysia, February,