Mark Moffett / Goat Fly (Phytalmia mouldsi) males clashing antlers while fighting, Queensland, Australia

Paul Bertner / Fruit Fly (Dacus longicornis) pair, wasp mimics, Cuc Phuong National Park, Vietnam

Paul Bertner / Fruit Fly (Dacus longicornis), wasp mimic, Cuc Phuong National Park, Vietnam

Paul Bertner / Fruit Fly (Tephritidae) pair mating, with mite on back, Gunung Leuser National Park, Sumatra, Indonesia

Paul Bertner / Fruit Fly (Tephritidae) with fungal infection, Ankarafantsika National Park, Madagascar

Rod Williams / Tephritid fly (Terellia tussilaginis) Brockley Cemetery, Lewisham, London, England, UK July 2016

Nick Upton / Slow motion clip of a Marmalade hoverfly (Episyrphus balteatus) landing to feeding on pollen from a Greater knapweed flower (Centaurea scabiosa), near a foraging female Gall fly (Terellia colon), Wilt...

Kim Taylor / Burdock gall Fly (Terellia tussilaginis) female. Surrey, England, UK, July,

Jiri Lochman / Mediterranean fruit fly (Ceratitis capitata) larvae in apricot fruit Introduced pest species in Australia.

Jiri Lochman / Mediterranean fruit fly (Ceratitis capitata) female laying eggs into a papaya fruit Introduced pest species in Australia.

Jiri Lochman / Mediterranean fruit fly (Ceratitis capitata) feeding on unripe papaya fruit. Introduced pest species in Australia.

Jiri Lochman / Mediterranean fruit fly (Ceratitis capitata) female laying eggs into a papaya fruit. Introduced pest species in Australia.

Jiri Lochman / Mediterranean fruit fly (Ceratitis capitata) female laying eggs into a papaya fruit. Introduced pest species in Australia.

Jiri Lochman / Mediterranean fruit fly (Ceratitis capitata) pupae. Introduced pest species in Australia.

Jiri Lochman / Mediterranean fruit fly (Ceratitis capitata) pupa. Introduced pest species in Australia.

Jiri Lochman / Mediterranean fruit fly (Ceratitis capitata) female laying eggs into a papaya fruit. Introduced pest species in Australia.

Chien Lee / Hammer-headed Fruit Fly (Themara sp) male, Malaysia

Jussi Murtosaari / Flies (Brachycera) on leaf, Parikkala, Etela-Karjala / South Karelia, Etela-Suomi / South Finland, Finland. June

Rod Williams / Celery Fly (Euleia heraclei) Lewisham, London, England, UK. June

Jussi Murtosaari / Fly (Brachycera) on Lily of the Valley berries, Parikkala, Etela-Karjala / South Karelia, Etela-Suomi / South Finland, Finland. September

Kim Taylor / Knapweed gall fly (Terellia ceratocera) female. Surrey, England, July.

Alex Hyde / Picture Wing Fly (Urophora sp.) Peak District National Park, Derbyshire, UK. June.

Alex Hyde / Thistle Gall Fly (Terellia serratulae) feeding on a thistle. Nordtirol, Tirol, Austrian Alps, Austria. August.

Alex Hyde / Thistle Gall Fly (Terellia serratulae) feeding on a thistle. Nordtirol, Tirol, Austrian Alps, Austria. August.

Rod Williams / Gall fly (Terellia serratulae) on leaf, Ladywell Fields, Lewisham, UK, August.

Michael Durham / Fruit Fly (Drosophila melanogaster) group attracted to American Blueberries (Vaccinium corymbosum), Oregon

Nick Upton / Burdock gall fly (Terellia tussilaginis) female feeding on an Oxeye daisy / Marguerite flower (Leucanthemum vulgare) chalk grassland meadow, Wiltshire, UK, August.

Albert Lleal / Fruit Fly (Drosophila sp) pupae

Nick Upton / Gall fly / Greater fruit fly (Terellia colon) female on flowerbud of host plant, Greater knapweed (Centaurea scabiosa), chalk grassland, Wiltshire, UK, June.

Nick Upton / Gall fly / Greater fruit fly (Terellia colon) male on flowerbud of host plant, Greater knapweed (Centaurea scabiosa), chalk grassland, Wiltshire, UK, June.

Nick Upton / Gall fly / Greater fruit fly (Terellia colon) female extending and flexing long ovipositor after mating in preparation for laying eggs in flowerbud of host plant, Greater knapweed (Centaurea scabiosa)...

Nick Upton / Female Gall fly (Terellia colon) with large ovipositor on a host plant Greater knapweed (Centaurea scabiosa) flower bud. Wiltshire, UK, June.

Mark Moffett / Stag Fly (Phytalmia cervicornis) males battling is observed by Professor Gary Dodson, Papua New Guinea

Albert Lleal / Fruit Fly (Drosophila melanogaster) SEM close-up view of proboscis at 105x magnification

Albert Lleal / Fruit Fly (Drosophila melanogaster) embryos at 12x magnification, Spain

Albert Lleal / Fruit Fly (Drosophila melanogaster) embryos at 12x magnification, Spain

Albert Lleal / Fruit Fly (Drosophila melanogaster) on ripe fruit, Spain

Albert Lleal / Fruit Fly (Drosophila melanogaster) caught by Cape Sundew (Drosera capensis), native to South Africa

Albert Lleal / Fruit Fly (Drosophila melanogaster) feeding, Spain

Albert Lleal / Fruit Fly (Bactrocera sp) held by tweezers, Entomology Lab of Doctor Vojtech Novotny, Kau Wildlife Management Area, Baitabag, Papua New Guinea

Mark Moffett / Semi-vegetarian army ant (Labidus coecus) swarm catches, quickly kills and dismembers a fruit fly that accidentally landed in their midst, Barro Colorado Island, Panama

Mark Moffett / Semi-vegetarian army ant (Labidus coecus) swarm catches, quickly kills and dismembers a fruit fly that accidentally landed in their midst, Barro Colorado Island, Panama

Mark Moffett / Stag Fly (Phytalmia cervicornis) small male has only small knobs instead of full antlers, Papua New Guinea

Mark Moffett / Goat Fly (Phytalmia mouldsi) professor Gary Dodson adds extensions onto a male's antlers to see if this increases his success in battle, Ball State University, Indiana

Mark Moffett / Goat Fly (Phytalmia mouldsi) male flies eye to eye as they guard females using oviposters to deposit fertilized eggs, Queensland, Australia

Mark Moffett / Goat Fly (Phytalmia mouldsi) male in courtship posture, Queensland, Australia

Mark Moffett / Moose Fly (Phytalmia alcicornis) has antlers so large that they may hinder the ant's activities, Papua New Guinea

Mark Moffett / Moose Fly (Phytalmia alcicornis) has antlers so large that they may hinder the ant's activities, Papua New Guinea

Mark Moffett / Stag Fly (Phytalmia cervicornis) female laying eggs, Papua New Guinea

Mark Moffett / Stag Fly (Phytalmia cervicornis) female lays her eggs as the male keeps watch, Papua New Guinea

Mark Moffett / Stag Fly (Phytalmia cervicornis) mated female unsheathes her ovipositor to lay eggs while, the male guards and watches, Papua New Guinea

Mark Moffett / Stag Fly (Phytalmia cervicornis) pair mating, connected by her oviscape, Papua New Guinea

Mark Moffett / Stag Fly (Phytalmia cervicornis) pair mating, connected by her oviscape, Papua New Guinea

Mark Moffett / Stag Fly (Phytalmia cervicornis) female watches as two males prepare to fight, Papua New Guinea

Mark Moffett / Stag Fly (Phytalmia cervicornis) males battling, Papua New Guinea

Mark Moffett / Stag Fly (Phytalmia cervicornis) two males from adjacent territories approach for battle, Papua New Guinea

Mark Moffett / Stag Fly (Phytalmia cervicornis) small male has only small knobs instead of full antlers, Papua New Guinea

Mark Moffett / Fruit Fly (Drosophila melanogaster), Haia, Papua New Guinea

Paul Bertner / Fruit Fly (Tephritidae) pair mating, Tambopata Research Center, Peru

Konrad Wothe / Fruit Fly (Drosophila melanogaster) male, Germany

Rod Williams / Leafmining Fly (Trypeta zoe) Brockley cemetery, Lewisham, England, UK, May

Premaphotos / Large fruit fly (Trypeta tussilaginis) female with her ovipositor partly extended after laying her eggs in flower bud, UK

Premaphotos / Large fruit fly (Trypeta / Terellia longicauda) female backing her abdomen into the centre of a woolly thistle bud in order to lay her eggs into it, UK

Premaphotos / Large fruit fly (Urophora stylata) mating on Spear thistle, host plant for the larvae, UK

Nigel Cattlin / Mediterranean fruit fly / Medfly (Ceratitis capitata) fly larva in rotting fruit.

Rod Williams / Spectacled berry fly (Anomoia purmunda) on Reed blade. Sutcliffe Park Nature Reserve, Eltham, London, England, UK. August.

Rod Williams / Celery Fly (Euleia heraclei) Brockley Cemetery, Lewisham, London, England, UK. May.

Nick Upton / Gall fly / Greater fruit fly (Terellia longicauda) female on the unopened flowerhead of a Woolly thistle (Cirsium eriophorum), the host plant for its larvae, chalk grassland meadow, Wiltshire, UK, Jul...

Nigel Cattlin / Mediterranean fruit fly (Ceratitis capitata) feeding on Orange fruit

Nigel Cattlin / Mediterranean fruit fly larva (Ceratitis capitata) in Peach (Prunus persica) larva in decomposing Peach (Prunus persica) fruit

Nigel Cattlin / Mediterranean fruit fly (Ceratitis capitata) feeding on Orange fruit. October.