Morley Read / Slow motion clip of a Linnaeus' sipo snake (Chironius exoletus) with open mouth, part of threat display, Amazon rainforest, Orellana Province, Ecuador. (non-ex)

Morley Read / Parrot snake (Leptophis ahaetulla) threat display, Amazon rainforest, Orellana Province, Ecuador. (non-ex)

Robert Valentic / Heath Monitor (Varanus rosenbergi) male enacting a threat display, in mallee/heath habitat near Pinnaroo, South Australia.

Marie Read / Sandhill cranes (Grus canadensis) (Florida race), adult with two small chicks crossing highway, Kissimmee, Florida, USA, March.

Piotr Naskrecki / Katydid (Clonia wahlbergi) in defensive posture, Gorongosa National Park, Mozambique

Konrad Wothe / Slow motion clip of Wood ants (Formica rufa) on anthill, squirting formic acid to repel threat, Bavaria, Germany, April.

Silke Arndt / Western rattlesnake (Crotalus viridis viridis), threat display, South Dakota, USA, September.

Ingo Arndt / Grizzly bear (Ursus arctos horribilis) portrait, Lake Clark National Park, Alaska, USA, September.

Ingo Arndt / Hamadryas baboon male threat display {Papio hamadryas} Africa

Ingo Arndt / Gelada baboon males threat display {Theropithecus gelada} Simien Mt NP, Ethiopia

Ingo Arndt / Gelada baboon male threat display {Theropithecus gelada} Simien Mt NP, Ethiopia

Ingo Arndt / Prairie rattlesnake (Crotalus viridis viridis), threat display, South Dakota, USA September. Sequence 1 of 3