Nick Upton / Forest caterpillar hunter (Calosoma sycophanta) feeding on a Gypsy moth caterpillar (Lymantria dispar) it has killed in a Holm oak tree, Bacu Goloritze ravine, Baunei, Sardinia, Italy, May.

Ingo Arndt / Tussock moth caterpillars mass together for defense. Comoe NP, Ivory Coast {Lymantriidae}. This behaviour tricks predators into thinking the caterpillars are a single, much larger, organism.

Nigel Cattlin / Pale tussock moth (Calliteara pudibunda) camouflaged on tree bark. Devon, England, UK. May.

Nigel Cattlin / Pale tussock moth (Calliteara pudibunda) caterpillar, a pest on Hops (Humulus lupulus), red colour form. England, UK.

Nigel Cattlin / Vapourer (Orgyia antiqua) moth caterpillar on Apple (Malus domestica) leaf. England, UK.

Nigel Cattlin / Vapourer moth (Orgyia antiqua) wingless female, a minor pest of Apple (Malus domestica). England, UK.

Nigel Cattlin / Pale tussock moth (Calliteara pudibunda) camouflaged against tree bark. Pest of Hops (Humulus lupulus). England, UK.

Nigel Cattlin / Pale tussock moth (Calliteara pudibunda) caterpillar, a pest on Hops (Humulus lupulus), yellow colour form. England, UK.

Nigel Cattlin / Yellow-tail moth (Euproctis similis) caterpillar on Hawthorn (Crataegus monogyna) leaf, a minor garden and nursery pest. England, UK.

Nick Upton / Gypsy moth caterpillars (Lymantria dispar) feeding on and decimating Holm oak leaves (Quercus ilex), Bacu Goloritze ravine, Baunei, Sardinia, Italy, May.

Nick Upton / Forest caterpillar hunter (Calosoma sycophanta), a ground beetle hanging upside down as it forages in a Holm oak (Quercus ilex) tree in search of Gypsy moth caterpillar (Lymantria dispar) prey, Bacu G...

Robert Thompson / Gypsy moth larvae (Lymantria dispar) on flower, Catllar, French Pyrenees, France. May