Bryan and Cherry Alexander / Chinstrap penguins (Pygoscelis antarcticus) on snowy rocks. Half Moon Island, South Shetland Islands, Antarctica, October.

David Tipling / Emperor Penguin (Aptenodytes forsteri) calling Snow Hill Island, Antarctica, November

David Tipling / King Penguins (Aptenodytes patagonicus) silhouetted, one calling, Fortuna Bay, South Georgia, November

David Tipling / King Penguin (Aptenodytes patagonicus) adult calling, Gold Harbour, South Georgia, November

Bryan and Cherry Alexander / Very thin Gentoo penguin (Pygoscelis papua) standing still to conserve energy while moulting. Mikkelsen Harbour, Trinity Island, Antarctica.

Frederique Olivier / Royal Penguin (Eudyptes schlegeli) two interacting near colony on beach, Macquarie Island, Southern Atlantic, Australian Antarctica, December 2007

Frederique Olivier / Rockhopper penguin (Eudyptes chrysocome) vocalising, frightened by perched Skua, Macquarie Island, Southern Atlantic, Australian Antarctica, December

Frederique Olivier / Royal Penguins (Eudyptes schlegeli) interacting in colony, Macquarie Island, Southern Atlantic, Australian Antarctica, November

Tim Laman / Chinstrap penguin (Pygoscelis antarctica) calling, Antarctica, February

Steven Kazlowski / Crabeater seal (Lobodon carcinophaga) calling, on a saltwater pan of sea ice off the western Antarctic Peninsula, Southern Ocean

Steven Kazlowski / Giant petrel (Macronectes giganteus) parent and chick on their nest, western Antarctic Peninsula, Southern Ocean

Peter Scoones / Southern elephant seal {Mirounga leonina} male calling, South Georgia.