Piotr Naskrecki / Tessaratomid (Tessaratomidae) nymph with warning coloration, Papua New Guinea

Michael & Patricia Fogden / Harlequin Frog (Atelopus varius) displaying warning coloration, Monteverde, Costa Rica

Piotr Naskrecki / Spiked Spider (Gasteracantha sp) their abdomen, or opisthosoma, is heavily sclerotized and armed with hard spines possibly to protect against birds and lizards, Solomon Islands

Michael & Patricia Fogden / Clark's Coral Snake (Micrurus clarki) venomous snake with warning coloration, rainforest, Costa Rica

Mark Moffett / Slug Caterpillar (Setora fletcheri) shows warning coloration and spines loaded with toxins that erect when the animal is disturbed, Tam Dao National Park, Vietnam

Tony Phelps / Yellow bellied toad {Bombina variegata} warning display Europe

Bert Willaert / Yellow-bellied toad (Bombina variegata scabra) performing an unken reflex in order to show the warning coloration on the underparts of its body, Republic of Macedonia, May.

Piotr Naskrecki / Tessaratomid (Tessaratomidae) nymph with warning coloration, Papua New Guinea

Nick Upton / Scarlet Tiger Moth caterpillar (Callimorpha dominula) feeding on Common Comfrey leaf (Symphytum officinale) Wiltshire, UK, April.

Russell Cooper / Cinnabar Moth Caterpillar (Tyria jacobaeae) feeding on Ragwort (Senecio jacobaea) flower buds. Showing Black and Yellow (Aposematic) warning colouration.Morden, South London. UK

Pete Oxford / O'Shaughnessy's Gecko (Gonatodes concinnatus) exhibiting aposematic coloration, Napo River, Yasuni National Park, Amazon, Ecuador

Pete Oxford / Saturniid Moth (Saturniidae) exhibiting warning colors, Napo River, Yasuni National Park, Amazon, Ecuador

Pete Oxford / Saturniid Moth (Saturniidae) caterpillar exhibiting warning colors, Napo River, Yasuni National Park, Amazon, Ecuador

Thomas Marent / Millipede (Platyrhachus sp) detail showing warning coloration, Danum Valley Conservation Area, Borneo, Malaysia

Thomas Marent / Millipede (Platyrhachus sp) detail showing warning coloration, Danum Valley Conservation Area, Borneo, Malaysia

Thomas Marent / Grasshopper (Systella dusmeti) showing warning coloration, Camp Leaky, Tanjung Puting National Park, Indonesia

Thomas Marent / Climbing Mantella (Mantella laevigata) pair, a poison dart frog, Masoala National Park, Madagascar

Thomas Marent / Climbing Mantella (Mantella laevigata), a poison dart frog, Masoala National Park, Madagascar

Thomas Marent / Climbing Mantella (Mantella laevigata), a poison dart frog, Masoala National Park, Madagascar

Michael & Patricia Fogden / Oriental Fire-bellied Toad (Bombina orientalis) showing warning colors, east Asia

Michael & Patricia Fogden / Oriental Fire-bellied Toad (Bombina orientalis) underside showing warning colors, east Asia

Mark Moffett / Strawberry Poison Dart Frog (Oophaga pumilio) group showing color variation from different islands of Bocas del Toro, Panama

Mark Moffett / Strawberry Poison Dart Frog (Oophaga pumilio) group showing color variation from different islands of Bocas del Toro, Panama

PREMAPHOTOS / Yellow-tail moth (Euproctis similis: Lymantriidae) with tail raised to show warning coloration, UK

PREMAPHOTOS / Magpie moth (Abraxas grossulariata) displaying warning coloration, UK

PREMAPHOTOS / Caterpillar larva of Ruddy daggerwing butterfly (Marpesia petreus) with disruptive coloration, in tropical dry forest, Costa Rica

PREMAPHOTOS / Black-and-white treehopper (Membracis foliata) two warningly coloured adults in the Campo cerrado, Brazil

Hans Christoph Kappel / Garden tiger moth (Arctia caja) Germany

Pete Oxford / Caterpillar of Flambeau butterfly (Dryas iulia) Amazon, Ecuador

Piotr Naskrecki / Grasshopper, South Africa

Piotr Naskrecki / Gaudy Grasshopper (Greyacris sp) aposematic coloration announces unpalatability, Australia

Piotr Naskrecki / Gaudy Grasshopper (Greyacris sp) aposematic coloration announces unpalatability, Australia

Michael & Patricia Fogden / Rove Beetle (Staphylinidae) showing warning coloration, extremely caustic secretions, Costa Rica

Michael & Patricia Fogden / Giant Millipede pair mating, displaying warning colors, Costa Rica

Michael & Patricia Fogden / Clark's Coral Snake (Micrurus clarki) venomous species showing warning coloration, Costa Rica

Michael & Patricia Fogden / Panamanian Golden Frog (Atelopus zeteki) displaying warning coloration, Panama

Michael & Patricia Fogden / Panamanian Golden Frog (Atelopus zeteki) displaying warning coloration, Panama

Michael & Patricia Fogden / Panamanian Golden Frog (Atelopus zeteki) displaying warning coloration, Panama

Michael & Patricia Fogden / Rancho Grande Harlequin Frog (Atelopus cruciger) displaying warning coloration, Rancho Grande, Venezuela

Michael & Patricia Fogden / Harlequin Frog (Atelopus varius) displaying warning coloration, Braulio Carrillo National Park, Costa Rica

Michael & Patricia Fogden / Harlequin Frog (Atelopus varius) female showing warning coloration, Monteverde, Costa Rica

Michael & Patricia Fogden / Harlequin Frog (Atelopus varius) female showing warning coloration, Monteverde, Costa Rica

Michael & Patricia Fogden / Harlequin Frog (Atelopus varius) female showing warning coloration, Talamancas, Costa Rica

Michael & Patricia Fogden / Harlequin Frog (Atelopus varius) displaying warning coloration, Monteverde, Costa Rica, critically endangered

Michael & Patricia Fogden / Rancho Grande Harlequin Frog (Atelopus cruciger) displaying warning coloration, Rancho Grande, Venezuela

Michael & Patricia Fogden / Rancho Grande Harlequin Frog (Atelopus cruciger) displaying warning coloration, Rancho Grande, Venezuela

Michael & Patricia Fogden / Harlequin Frog (Atelopus varius) displaying warning coloration, Monteverde, Costa Rica

Piotr Naskrecki / Variegated Grasshopper (Zonocerus variegatus) on flower showing warning coloration, Guinea, West Africa

Piotr Naskrecki / Tiger Moth (Dysschema leda) is brightly colored to advertise its distastefulness to potential predators, Costa Rica

Piotr Naskrecki / Spinybacked Orb-weaver Spider (Gasteracantha cancriformis) their abdomen, or opisthosoma, is heavily sclerotized and armed with hard spines possibly to protect against birds and lizards, Solomon Islan...

Piotr Naskrecki / Daddy-Long-Legs Spider (Pholcus phalangioides) some are brightly colored, possibly to advertise their distastefulness, Guinea, West Africa

Piotr Naskrecki / Stink Bug (Pentatomidae) displaying aposematic or warning coloration, produces sharp odor when attacked by a predator, Costa Rica

Piotr Naskrecki / Katydid (Plastocorypha vandicana) the black, blue, and orange coloration probably serves as warning to predators, Guinea, West Africa

ZSSD / Poison Dart Frog displays striking yellow and black warning coloration which alerts potential predators to its toxicity

Bernard Walton / Rear view of Male Mandrill {Mandrillus sphinx} Gabon, Central Africa

TIM MARTIN / Strawberry Poison Arrow Frog (Dendrobates pumilio) Atlantic Rain Forest, Costa Rica

Staffan Widstrand / Close up portrait of Black rainforest grasshopper, probably poisonous as it has red and yellow coloration for warning or protection, tropical rainforst, Brazil, South America

Tony Phelps / Spotted harlequin snake {Homeroselaps lacteus} hatchling. DeHoop Nature reserve, Western Cape, South Africa.

Pete Oxford / Pupa of Flambeau butterfly (Dryas iulia) captive, from Amazonia, Ecuador

Andy Sands / Eyed hawk moth {Smerinthis ocellatus} resting on tree trunk. UK.

PREMAPHOTOS / Leaf footed bug nymphs, warning coloration {Coreidae} Cerrado, Brazil

PREMAPHOTOS / Shield bug nymph, warning coloration. {Peromatus sp} Cerrado, Brazil

PREMAPHOTOS / Shield bug nymphs, warning coloration {Peromatus sp} cerrado, Brazil

PREMAPHOTOS / Net winged beetle {Lycus sp} warning coloration and distasteful. South Africa

Tom Vezo / Monarch butterflies {Danaus plexippus} New York USA

PREMAPHOTOS / Lunate blister beetles mating {Decapotoma lunata} South Africa. Stripes for warning coloration

Doug Wechsler / Bark lice {Psocoptera} on bark. Indonesia, Bentuang-Karimun

Hans Christoph Kappel / Burnet moths {Zygaena purpuralis} and {Zygaena minos} Germany

Pete Oxford / Shieldbug {Pentatomidae} Ankarna SR, Madagascar

Adrian Davies / Birch sawfly {Cimbex femoratus} larvae displaying on alder England, UK

Pete Oxford / Poison Dart Frog (Epipedobates sp) new species still undescribed, Mindo cloud forest, Ecuador

Pete Oxford / Poison Dart Frog (Epipedobates darwinwallacei), Mindo cloud forest, Ecuador

Michael & Patricia Fogden / Granular Poison Dart Frog (Dendrobates granuliferus) showing warning colors, rainforest, Osa Peninsula, Costa Rica

Tim Fitzharris / Oriental Fire-bellied Toad (Bombina orientalis) showing its bright red belly coloration to deter predators, Asia

Heidi & Hans-Juergen Koch / Hog-nosed Snake (Heterodon sp) defensive behavior, rolling on back to display warning colors on underside, native to North America

Michael & Patricia Fogden / Milk Snake (Lampropeltis triangulum) a Kingsnake, harmless mimic of Coral Snake in rainforest, Costa Rica

Michael & Patricia Fogden / Milk Snake (Lampropeltis triangulum) a Kingsnake, harmless mimic of Coral Snake in rainforest, Costa Rica

Michael & Patricia Fogden / Milk Snake (Lampropeltis triangulum) a Kingsnake, harmless mimic of Coral Snake, constricting a Spiny Pocket Mouse (Heteromys sp) rainforest, Costa Rica

Michael & Patricia Fogden / Sapho Longwing (Heliconius sapho) butterfly poisonous Mullerian mimic, in the rainforest, Costa Rica

Michael & Patricia Fogden / Allen's Coral Snake (Micrurus alleni) venomous snake with warning colors, La Selva Biological Research Station, Costa Rica

Michael & Patricia Fogden / Golden Palm Tree Frog (Dendropsophus ebraccatus) tadpole displaying warning colors, Costa Rica

Michael & Patricia Fogden / Golden Palm Tree Frog (Dendropsophus ebraccatus) tadpole displaying warning colors, Costa Rica

Michael & Patricia Fogden / Golden Toad (Bufo periglenes) breeding aggregation, extinct, Monteverde Cloud Forest Reserve, Costa Rica

Pete Oxford / Splendid Poison Dart Frog (Dendrobates sylvaticus) climbing up leaf, Dorango Esmeraldas Province, northwestern Ecuador

Pete Oxford / Splendid Poison Dart Frog (Dendrobates sylvaticus) on Bromeliad, Dorango Esmeraldas Provincia, northwestern Ecuador

Mark Moffett / Slug Caterpillar (Setora fletcheri) shows warning coloration and spines loaded with toxins that erect when the animal is disturbed, Tam Dao National Park, Vietnam

Pete Oxford / Giant pill millipede {Sphaerotherum sp} Okavango, Botswana

PREMAPHOTOS / Giant millipede, warning coloration {Chersastus sp} South Africa

Premaphotos / Net-winged beetle (Duliticola sp), trilobite larva showing its armour and warning coloration, in rainforest, Borneo

Premaphotos / Net-winged beetle (Duliticola sp), trilobite larva showing its armour and warning coloration, in rainforest, Borneo

Premaphotos / Bush-cricket / katydid (Neoconocephalus sp) with a yellow, warning coloration spot on its face, Trinidad

Premaphotos / Cockroach (Paratropes lycoides), which from a distance resembles a fallen seed pod but close-up has warning coloration somewhat like a distasteful lycid beetle, in rainforest, Peru