Christian Ziegler / Bumblebee Orchid (Ophrys bombyliflora) flower and its male Longhorn Bee (Eucera sp) pollinator, Sardinia, Italy

Paul Harcourt Davies / Sea daffodil / lily (Pancratium maritimum) flowers open in late afternoon and remain open overnight, coinciding with the flight times of the Convolvulus hawkmoth (Herse convolvuli) its pollinator, Umb...

Nigel Cattlin / Honey bee (Apis mellifera) nectaring on Borage (Borago officinalis). Berkshire, England, UK. August.

Phil Savoie / Red mason bee (Osmia bicornis) female bee bringing in pollen load under her abdomen for brood cell, Monmouthshire, Wales, UK, May.

Phil Savoie / Buff tailed bumblebee (Bombus terrestris) queen flying to Oriental poppy flower (Papaver orientale) with pollen baskets, Monmouthshire, Wales, UK. July.

Phil Savoie / Garden bumblebee (Bombus hortorum) worker flying to Foxglove (Digitalis purpurea) Monmouthshire, Wales, UK, June.

Heather Angel / Chilean monkey flower (Mimulus naiandinus). The lower lip has a groove to guide the pollinator's proboscis to the nectar source, with red spots acting as nectar guides. Cultivated in garden, Surre...

Heather Angel / Common bee fly (Bombylius major) nectaring on Primrose (Primula vulgaris). This insect is the main pollinator of Primrose. In nature reserve, Surrey, England, UK, April.

Heather Angel / Hand held digital thermometer recording -3-5C on closed snowdrop flower. Conditions too cold to open and for pollinator activity. Cultivated in garden, Surrey, England, UK. February.

Heather Angel / Honey bees (Apis mellifera) foraging on Korean evodia tree (Tetradium daniellii), a pollinator friendly plant. In garden, Surrey, England, UK. August.

Nick Upton / Gold-fringed mason bee (Osmia aurulenta) nectaring on Rock rose (Cistus pulverulentus) in a garden planted with pollinator attracting flowers, Dungeness, Kent, UK. June.

Chien Lee / Rainforest Orchid (Bulbophyllum beccarii) with leaves designed to trap falling nitrogen-rich leaf litter, the flowers smell like rotting fish which attracts swarms of pollinator flies, Mulu National P...

Paul Harcourt Davies / Crown Anemone (Anemone coronaria) magenta form with cuckoo bumblebee (Bombus sp.) pollinator. Gious Kambos, Spili, Crete, April

MYN / Paul Harcourt Davies / Spruner's Ophrys orchid (Ophrys spruneri) an orchid endemic to Southern Greece with a wide distribution. Has same pollinator as (Ophrys sipontensis) in Gargano, Southern Italy that has effected parall...

MYN / Paul Harcourt Davies / Spruner's Ophrys orchid (Ophrys spruneri) an orchid endemic to Southern Greece with a wide distribution. Has same pollinator as (Ophrys sipontensis) in Gargano, Southern Italy that has effected parall...

MYN / Paul Harcourt Davies / Spruner's Ophrys orchid (Ophrys spruneri) an orchid endemic to Southern Greece with a wide distribution. Has same pollinator as (Ophrys sipontensis) in Gargano, Southern Italy that has effected parall...

MYN / Paul Harcourt Davies / Spruner's Ophrys orchid (Ophrys spruneri) an orchid endemic to Southern Greece with a wide distribution. Has same pollinator as (Ophrys sipontensis) in Gargano, Southern Italy that has effected parall...

Christian Ziegler / Warty Hammer Orchid (Drakaea livida) flower has hinge mechanism to manipulate its pollinator into just the right position to receive its pollen, south of Perth, western Australia

Christian Ziegler / Orchid (Masdevallia ignea) flower with its fly pollinator, Finca Dracula Orchid Sanctuary, western Panama

Christian Ziegler / Orchid (Masdevallia caloptera) flower with its pollinator Blue Bottle Fly (Calliphoridae) carrying yellow pollinium on its back, Finca Dracula Orchid Sanctuary, western Panama

Christian Ziegler / Orchid (Himantoglossum robertianum) flowers with bee pollinator, Sardinia, Italy

Christian Ziegler / Bumblebee Orchid (Ophrys bombyliflora) flower and its male Longhorn Bee (Eucera sp) pollinator, Sardinia, Italy

Christian Ziegler / King Spider Orchid (Caladenia pectinata) being visited by male parasitic wasp pollinator which is attracted to the flower by faux female wasp pheromone, Australia

Tim Laman / Fig wasp (Waterstoniella masii) female emerging through an opening in the fig that has been cut by a male wasp, this wasp species is the pollinator for the strangler fig (Ficus stupenda) Gunung Palung...

Tim Laman / Fig wasp (Waterstoniella masii) male has cut a passage through the fig wall and is seen emerging, females will use this passage to escape the fig and fly off to other fig trees carrying pollen. This...

Tim Laman / Fig wasp (Waterstoniella masii) male has cut a passage through the fig wall and is seen emerging, females will use this passage to escape the fig and fly off to other fig trees carrying pollen. This...

Tim Laman / Fig wasp (Waterstoniella masii) female emerging from split-open fig, This wasp is the pollinator for the strangler fig (Ficus stupenda) Gunung Palung National Park, Borneo, West Kalimantan, Indonesia

Murray Cooper / Orchid (Dracula lafleurii) flower with pollinator flies, Ecuador

John Cancalosi / Cactus Bee (Diadasia sp) collecting nectar and pollen from Prickly Pear Blossom (Oppuntia sp) and serving as pollinator, Sonoran desert, Arizona, USA

Nigel Cattlin / Ashy mining bee (Andrena cineraria) female landing on the white flower of a rose 'Rambling Rector', a summer pollinator, June Berkshire, England, UK.

Nigel Cattlin / Crab apple, (Malus 'John Downie'), with red, orange-yellow ovoid fruit on the tree, Berkshire, August

Elio Della Ferrera / Pink butterfly orchid (Anacamptis papilionacea) with insect pollinator, Italy

Mark Moffett / Creosote Bush (Larrea tridentata) with bruchid beetle which acts as pollinator for the plant

Nigel Cattlin / Apple (Malus domesticus) orchard in flower, young trees with one tree having a grafted pollinator branch with pink flowers, Kent, UK. May.

Nigel Cattlin / Apple (Malus domesticus) orchard in flower, young trees with one tree having a grafted pollinator branch with pink flowers, Kent, UK. May.

Paul Harcourt Davies / Female Pink crab spider (Thomisus onustus) sit on back of blue flower waiting to grasp unwary pollinator, Umbria, Italy. May.

Phil Savoie / Smeathmans Furrow Bee (Lasioglossum smeathmanellum) harvesting Lacy Phacelia (Phacelia tanacetifolia), aka Blue Tansy, Purple Tansy, Monmouthshire, Wales, UK, native pollinator, May

Phil Savoie / Buff-tailed bumblebee (Bombus terrestris), feeding on Purple toadflax (Linaria purpurea), native pollinator, Monmouthshire, Wales UK, June

Phil Savoie / Garden bumblebee (Bombus hortorum) visiting Hedge woundwort (Stachys sylvatica), native pollinator, pollination, Monmouthshire, Wales UK, June

Phil Savoie / Smeathmans Furrow Bee (Lasioglossum smeathmanellum) harvesting Lacy Phacelia (Phacelia tanacetifolia), Monmouthshire, Wales, UK, native pollinator, May

Phil Savoie / Smeathmans Furrow Bee (Lasioglossum smeathmanellum) harvesting Lacy Phacelia (Phacelia tanacetifolia), aka Blue Tansy, Purple Tansy, Monmouthshire, Wales, UK, native pollinator, May

Phil Savoie / Early Bumblebee (Bombus partorum), male bee with characteristic yellow face, harvesting Lacy Phacelia (Phacelia tanacetifolia), aka Blue Tansy, Purple Tansy, Monmouthshire, Wales, UK, native pollinato...

Phil Savoie / Smeathmans furrow bee (Lasioglossum smeathmanellum) harvesting Poached egg flower (Limnanthes douglasii) pollen. Monmouthshire, Wales, UK, native pollinator, May

Phil Savoie / Early bumblebee (Bombus partorum), visiting Green alkanet (Pentaglottis sempervirens) native pollinator, worker bee with full pollen baskets, Monmouthshire, Wales, UK, June

Phil Savoie / Early bumblebee worker (Bombus partorum), visiting Hardy geranium (Geranium sp.), in flight, Monmouthshire, native pollinator, Wales UK, May

Phil Savoie / Red mason bee (Osmia bicornis), male bee visiting Green alkanet (Pentaglottis sempervirens) Monmouthshire, Wales, UK, native pollinator, May

Phil Savoie / Mourning bee (Melecta albifrons) a kleptoparasite of the Hairy-footed flower bee (Anthophora plumipes), visiting Lungwort (Pulmonaria officinalis), native pollinator, Monmouthshire, Wales, UK, wild po...

Nigel Cattlin / Common blue butterfly (Polyommatus icarus) malepollinating and taking nectar from an ox-eye daisy flower, Berkshire, England, UK, May

Lorraine Bennery / Orchid (Ophrys ferrum-equinum) flower and a male Longhorn Bee (Eucera sp.) pollinator, Peania, Greece, April.

Paul Harcourt Davies / Bumblebee (Bombus sp) pollinator on Dittany (Dictamnus albus) Orvieto, Umbria Italy, May.

Phil Savoie / Harebell carpenter bee (Chelostoma campanularum) collecting pollen from Giant harebell (Campanula latifolia) Pentwyn Farm SSSI, Monmouthshire, Wales, UK, July. At 4-5mm long this is one of Britain's s...

Phil Savoie / Harebell carpenter bee (Chelostoma campanularum) female. collecting pollen from Giant harebell (Campanula latifolia) Pentwyn Farm SSSI, Monmouthshire, Wales, UK, July. At 4-5mm long this is one of Bri...