Vladimir Medvedev / Camera trap image of wild female Siberian tiger (Panthera tigris altaica) scent marking the trunk of a Cedar (Cedrus) tree, Lazovsky Zapovednik Nature Reserve, Primorsky Krai, Far East Russia, April...

Anup Shah / Ring-tailed Lemur (Lemur catta) male scent marking. Berenty Private Reserve, Madagascar. Oct 2008.

Anup Shah / Ring-tailed Lemur (Lemur catta) female carrying baby and scent marking. Berenty Private Reserve, Madagascar. Oct 2008.

Wild Wonders of Europe / E Haarberg / Chamois (Rupicapra rupicapra) male marking his territory in rutting season, Gran Paradiso National Park, Italy, November 2008

Anup Shah / Spotted hyaena (Crocuta crocuta) female scent marking grass, Masai Mara National Reserve, Kenya. March

Nick Garbutt / Male Coyote (Canis latrans) urinating / scent marking. Hayden Valley, Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, USA, February.

Andrew Parkinson / Bengal Tiger (Panthera tigris) six year old adult male marks a tree with his scent by rubbing his neck on it. Endangered. Bandhavgarh National Park, India. Non-ex.

Vladimir Medvedev / Camera trap image of wild male Siberian tiger (Panthera tigris altaica) scent marking the trunk of a cedar (Cedrus) tree, Lazovsky Zapovednik Nature Reserve, Primorsky Krai, Far East Russia, December...

Anup Shah / Lion (Panthera leo) male marking a tree stump by urinating, Masai Mara National Reserve, Kenya, September

Paul Williams / Capybara (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) male adult scent marking, Pantanal, Pocone, Brazil

Paul Williams / Capybara (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) male adult scent marking, Pantanal, Pocone, Brazil

Paul Williams / Capybara (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) male adult scent marking, Pantanal, Pocone, Brazil

Tui De Roy / Cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus) males scent marking tree, El Karama Ranch, Kenya

Sharon Heald / Black rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis) male spray marking, Etosha National Park, Namibia

Eric Dragesco / Snow Leopard (Panthera unicia) urine sprayed on rocks as territorial scent marking, Altai Mountains, Mongolia

Ann & Steve Toon / Nyala (Tragelaphus angasii) territorial bull scent-marking, Mkhuze game reserve, South Africa, May.

Pete Oxford / Meerkat (Suricata suricatta) scent marking, Makgadikgadi Pans, Kalahari Desert, Botswana

Charlie Summers / American Pronghorn Antelope (Antilocapra americana) marking its territory on a prairie bush by rubbing his scent gland at the base of his jaw on the top of the weed. Custer State Park, South Dakota, U...

Donald M. Jones / White-tailed Deer (Odocoileus virginianus) buck scent-marking tree, western Montana

Donald M. Jones / Pronghorn Antelope (Antilocapra americana) male scent-marking by rubbing horns on vegetation, eastern Montana

Donald M. Jones / American Elk (Cervus elaphus nelsoni) bull scent marking sapling with antlers, western Alberta, Canada

Anup Shah / Cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus) male marking territory - wide angle perspective, Masai Mara National Reserve, Kenya. September

Anup Shah / Cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus) male marking territory on tree - wide angle perspective, Masai Mara National Reserve, Kenya. September

Orsolya Haarberg / Eurasian beaver (Castor fiber) scent marking, territorial behaviour, Telemark, Norway, June

Orsolya Haarberg / Eurasian beaver (Castor fiber) scent marking, territorial behaviour, Telemark, Norway, June

Mark Raycroft / White-tailed Deer (Odocoileus virginianus) buck rubbing antlers against tree trunk, North America

Anup Shah / Male Cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus) scent marking his territory. Masai Mara National Reserve, Kenya. December

Anup Shah / Male Cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus) scent marking. Masai Mara National Reserve, Kenya. December

Suzi Eszterhas / Cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus) sub-adult male marking tree, Masai Mara National Reserve, Kenya

Suzi Eszterhas / Cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus) sub-adult males marking tree, Masai Mara National Reserve, Kenya

Peter Cairns / Eurasian Lynx (Lynx lynx) male scent-marking tree in birch forest, Tromso, Norway, captive

Wild Wonders of Europe / Möllers / Fallow deer (Dama dama) buck scent marking, Klampenborg Dyrehaven, Denmark, October 2008

Wild Wonders of Europe / Möllers / Sika deer (Cervus nippon) rubbing head on tree trunk, scent marking, Klampenborg Dyrehaven, Denmark, October 2008

Andy Rouse / Male Cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus) scent marking tree in territory, Masai Mara, Kenya (non-ex)

Andy Rouse / Red deer (Cervus elaphus) stag scent marking using urine, during rut, Scottish Highlands, UK (non-ex)

Andy Rouse / Red deer (Cervus elaphus) stag, scent marking mud during rut, Scottish Highlands, UK (non-ex)

Andy Rouse / Chinese / Reeves Muntjac deer (Muntiacus reevesi) scent marking a stick in its territory, UK

Andy Rouse / Red deer (Cervus elaphus) stag scent marking mud with urine during rut, Scottish Highlands, UK

Andy Rouse / Bengal tiger (Panthera tigris tigris) female scent marking by lake in the rain, Ranthambore NP, Rajasthan, India

Andy Rouse / Bengal tiger (Panthera tigris tigris) female scent marking, Bandhavgarh NP, Madhya Pradesh, India (non-ex)

Fiona Rogers / Ring-tailed Lemur (Lemur catta) male 'palmar-marking' tree, using scent glands on the inner forearm (antebrachial organ). Berenty Private Reserve, Madagascar. Oct 2008.

Fiona Rogers / Ring-tailed Lemur male (Lemur catta) shaking small tree before 'palmar-marking' using scent glands on the inner forearm (antebrachial organ). Berenty Private Reserve, Madagascar. Oct 2008.

Fiona Rogers / Ring-tailed Lemur (Lemur catta) scent marking tree. Berenty Private Reserve, Madagascar. Oct 2008.

Anup Shah / Ring-tailed Lemur (Lemur catta) male 'palmar-marking' using scent glands on the inner forearm (antebrachial organ). Berenty Private Reserve, Madagascar. Oct 2008.

Mary McDonald / Black rhinoceros {Diceros bicornis} male marking its territory with urine, scent marking, Masai Mara GR, Kenya.

Angelo Gandolfi / Wild European Grey wolf (Canis lupus) scent marking its territory, Tuscany, Italy

Graham Eaton / Red deer (Cervus elaphus) stag spraying scent during the rut, Richmond Park, London, UK, October

Angelo Gandolfi / Wild European Grey wolf {Canis lupus} rolling on a dead badger, Tuscany, Italy.

TJ Rich / Tourists watching Bengal Tiger {Panthera tigris tigris} scent marking log, Ranthambhore NP, Rajasthan, India

TJ Rich / Bengal Tiger {Panthera tigris tigris} scent marking tree, Ranthambhore NP, Rajasthan, India

Jouan & Rius / Ring-tailed Lemur (Lemur catta) scent marking territory, dry forest of Berenty reserve, South Madagascar

Peter Blackwell / Male Thomson's gazelle (Gazella thomsoni) scent marking vegetation from gland on face, Masai Mara Game Reserve, Kenya

TJ Rich / Thomson gazelle (Gazella thomsoni) territorial male scent-marking with pre-orbital gland, Masai Mara Reserve, Kenya

Gavin Maxwell / Wild Giant Panda {Ailuropoda melanoleuca} scent marking on tree, Changqing reserve, Qinling mountains, China, December 07. 'Wild China' series

Jose B. Ruiz / Iberian wolf {Canis lupus sygnatus} scent marking, captive, Lobo Park, Antequera, Malaga, Spain

Pete Oxford / Lion scent marking (Panthera leo). Mombo area, Chief's Island, Okavango Delta, Botswana Southern Africa

Pete Oxford / Lioness scent marking (Panthera leo). Mombo area, Chief's Island, Okavango Delta, Botswana Southern Africa

Pete Oxford / Lioness scent marking (Panthera leo). Mombo area, Chief's Island, Okavango Delta, Botswana Southern Africa

John Waters / Ring-tailed lemur scent marking against tree (Lemur catta) Madagascar

Andy Sands / Stoat (Mustela erminea) scent marking on woodland floor, captive, UK

George McCarthy / Cinnamon Black Bear (Ursus americanus cinnamomum) scent marking against tree, Yellowstone National Park, Montana, USA

Mark Raycroft / White-tailed Deer (Odocoileus virginianus) huge buck branch licking in forest

Mark Raycroft / White-tailed Deer (Odocoileus virginianus) huge buck branch licking in autumn woods

Mark Raycroft / White-tailed Deer (Odocoileus virginianus) mature buck smelling fresh rub

Mark Raycroft / White-tailed Deer (Odocoileus virginianus) buck rubbing antlers against tree in forest, scent marking

Mark Raycroft / White-tailed Deer (Odocoileus virginianus) mature buck branch licking in clearing

Mark Raycroft / White-tailed Deer (Odocoileus virginianus) mature buck branch licking

Mark Raycroft / White-tailed Deer (Odocoileus virginianus) buck branch-licking in forest

Mark Taylor / Turkish shepherd dog {Canis familiaris} cocking leg, Aladaglar Park, Turkey.

Nick Garbutt / Female Bengal Tiger "Laxmi" {Panthera tigris tigris} sniffing scent on tree trunk while patrolling territorial boundaries, Bandhavgarh, India.

Solvin Zankl / European river otter defecates on shoreline to mark territory, Shetland Islands, UK

Philippe Clement / Lynx {Lynx lynx} female marking territory with urine, captive, Bavarian Forest, Germany.

Tony Heald / African lion {Pantera leo} scent marking by spraying urine on tree, Etosha NP, Namibia

Niall Benvie / Young male European lynx (Lynx lynx) in broadleaf woodland, Bohemia, Czech Republic.

Toby Sinclair / Tiger (B2) {Panthera tigris} scent marking tree, Bandhavgarh NP, India

Gerry Ellis / Leopard (Panthera pardus) female, scent marking a tree, Moremi Game Reserve, Botswana

Konrad Wothe / African Lion (Panthera leo) male setting scent mark, Serengeti, Tanzania

Norbert Wu / Cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus) hunting pair marking Acacia tree with urine, Kenya

Mark Raycroft / White-tailed Deer (Odocoileus virginianus) buck rubbing his antlers on a tree in fall forest, possibly to mark his territory

Anup Shah / Tigress rubs face on tree trunk - scent marking her home range. Ranthambhore NP India

Anup Shah / Cheetah male scent marking tree with urine, Serengeti NP Tanzania

Pete Oxford / Ringtail lemur carrying baby and scent marking territory (Lemur catta) Madagascar

Anup Shah / Cheetah scent marking tree, with cub nearby {Acinonyx jubatus} Masai Mara, Kenya

John Waters / Ring tailed lemur scent marking territory {Lemur catta} Madagascar

Pete Oxford / Cheetah scent marking tree, Moremi Reserve, Okavanga Delta, Botswana.

Donald M. Jones / American Elk (Cervus elaphus nelsoni) bull scent marking sapling with antlers, western Alberta, Canada

Laurent Geslin / Red fox (Vulpes vulpes) marking its territory on pile of hay, in corner of a field, England, UK

Laurent Geslin / Red fox (Vulpes vulpes) marking its territory in the countryside, England, UK

Richard Du Toit / Cheetah scent marking territory on termite mound (Acinonyx jubatus) Kruger NP South Africa