Erlend Haarberg / Norway spruce (Picea abies) forest covered by packed snow, Riisitunturi National Park, Finland, February 2006

Erlend Haarberg / Mist over a Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) / Norway spruce (Picea abies) forest at sunrise, near Yli-Kitka lake and Tolva village, Finland, July 2006

Orsolya Haarberg / Spruce trees covered in hard frost, coniferous forest in winter, Harghita, Romania.

Juan Carlos Munoz / Herd of wild Reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) running past young spruce trees in Taiga woodland, Lappland, Finland, March 2007

Sven Zacek / Spruce trees covered in snow (Picea abies) Winter, Estonia

Wild Wonders of Europe / D'Amicis / Aerial view of border between spruce forest and Dwarf mountain pine (Pinus mugo) zones showing several trees killed by Bark beetle (Scolytidae) Western Tatras, Carpathian Mountains, Slovakia, June 200...

Jack Dykinga / Engelmann spruce (Picea engelmannii) growing amongst pinnacles of volcanic tuff, dawn, Wheeler Geological Area Wilderness, Rio Grande National Forest, Colorado, USA

Wild Wonders of Europe / Biancarelli / Corkova Uvala, virgin forest with Silver fir (Abies alba) Spruce (Picea abies) and European beeches (Fagus sylvatica) in autumn, Plitvice Lakes National Park, Croatia, October 2008

Wild Wonders of Europe / Biancarelli / Autumn in Corkova Uvala, virgin mixed forest of Silver fir (Abies alba) European beech (Fagus sylvatica) and Spruce (Picea excelsa) trees, Plitvice Lakes National Park, Croatia, October 2008

Wild Wonders of Europe / Biancarelli / Autumn in Corkova Uvala, virgin mixed forest of Silver fir (Abies alba) European beech (Fagus sylvatica) and Spruce (Picea abies) trees, Plitvice Lakes National Park, Croatia, October 2008

Wild Wonders of Europe / Biancarelli / Soft focus on mixed woodland with Silver fir (Abies alba) Spruce (Picea excelsa) and European beeches (Fagus sylvatica) close to Ljeskovac village, Plitvice Lakes NP, Croatia, October 2008

Wild Wonders of Europe / Biancarelli / Abstract Autumn in Corkova Uvala, virgin mixed forest of Silver fir (Abies alba) European beech (Fagus sylvatica) and Spruce (Picea abies) trees, Plitvice Lakes National Park, Croatia, October 2008

Wild Wonders of Europe / Widstrand / Oulanka River, Finland, September 2008. Woodland predominantly Spruce (Picea abies) and Silver Birch (Betula verrucosa)

Wild Wonders of Europe / Widstrand / Kitkajoki River, Oulanka National Park, Finland, September 2008. Woodland predominantly Spruce (Picea abies) and Silver Birch (Betula verrucosa)

Jack Dykinga / Mount McKinley and Black Spruce trees (Picea mariana) viewed from Wonder Lake, Denali National Park, Alaska

Tim Fitzharris / Aspen and Spruce trees dusted with snow, Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado

Jack Dykinga / Club moss {Lycopodium sp} on trunks of Sitka spruce trees {Picea sitchensis} Hoh temperate rainforest, Olympic NP, Washington, USA

Jack Dykinga / Moss covered trunks of Sitka spruce {Picea sitchensis} and Big leaf maple {Acer macrophyllum}, also Sword ferns {Polystichum munitum} Hoh temperate rainforest, Olympic NP, Washington, USA

Brian Lightfoot / Red deer damage to Sitka spruce tree {Cervus elaphus} Glen Cannich, Scotland.

Pete Cairns / Growth rings in trunk of Spruce tree {Picea sp} Norway

Jorma Luhta / Aurora borealis storm colours in night sky, northern Finland, winter

Jorma Luhta / Aurora borealis lights in night sky and full moon. Northern Finland, January, winter 2002

Jorma Luhta / Aurora borealis bow in moonlit night sky, northern Finland, January, winter 2002

Wild Wonders of Europe / Widstra / Fir (Abies sp), Beech (Fagus silvatica) and Spruce (Picea abies) old-growth virgin forest in Special Forest Reserve, Velebit Nature Park, Rewilding Europe area, Velebit mountains, Croatia, June 2012

Wild Wonders of Europe / Widstra / Fir (Abies sp), Beech (Fagus silvatica) and Spruce (Picea abies) old-growth virgin forest in Special Forest Reserve, Velebit Nature Park, Rewilding Europe area, Velebit mountains, Croatia, June 2012

Wild Wonders of Europe / Widstra / Fir (Abies sp), Beech (Fagus silvatica) and Spruce (Picea abies) old-growth virgin forest in Special Forest Reserve, Velebit Nature Park, Rewilding Europe area, Velebit mountains, Croatia, June 2012

Wild Wonders of Europe / Widstra / Fir (Abies sp), Beech (Fagus silvatica) and Spruce (Picea abies) old-growth virgin forest in Special Forest Reserve with bracket fungi growing on bark, Velebit Nature Park, Rewilding Europe area, Vel...

Wild Wonders of Europe / Widstra / Fir (Abies sp), Beech (Fagus silvatica) and Spruce (Picea abies) old-growth virgin forest in Special Forest Reserve, Velebit Nature Park, Rewilding Europe area, Velebit mountains, Croatia, June 2012

Wild Wonders of Europe / Widstra / Fir (Abies sp), Beech (Fagus silvatica) and Spruce (Picea abies) old-growth virgin forest in Special Forest Reserve with bracket fungi growing on bark, Velebit Nature Park, Rewilding Europe area, Vel...

Wild Wonders of Europe / Widstra / Fir (Abies sp), Beech (Fagus silvatica) and Spruce (Picea abies) old-growth virgin forest in Special Forest Reserve, Velebit Nature Park, Rewilding Europe area, Velebit mountains, Croatia, June 2012

Wild Wonders of Europe / Widstra / Fir (Abies sp), Beech (Fagus silvatica) and Spruce (Picea abies) old-growth virgin forest in Special Forest Reserve, Velebit Nature Park, Rewilding Europe area, Velebit mountains, Croatia, June 2012

Wild Wonders of Europe / Widstra / Fir (Abies sp), Beech (Fagus silvatica) and Spruce (Picea abies) old-growth virgin forest in Special Forest Reserve, Velebit Nature Park, Rewilding Europe area, Velebit mountains, Croatia, June 2012

Wild Wonders of Europe / Widstra / Fir (Abies sp), Beech (Fagus silvatica) and Spruce (Picea abies) old-growth virgin forest in Special Forest Reserve, Velebit Nature Park, Rewilding Europe area, Velebit mountains, Croatia, June 2012

Wild Wonders of Europe / Widstra / Fir (Abies sp), Beech (Fagus silvatica) and Spruce (Picea abies) old-growth virgin forest in Special Forest Reserve, Velebit Nature Park, Rewilding Europe area, Velebit mountains, Croatia, June 2012

Ingo Arndt / Norway Spruce (Picea abies) trees that have died after being afflicted by bark beetle, Bayrischer Wald National Park, Germany

Ingo Arndt / Norway Spruce (Picea abies) trees that have died after being afflicted by bark beetle, Bayrischer Wald National Park, Germany

Oriol Alamany / White Spruce (Picea glauca) cones on the forest floor, Yoho National Park, Rocky Mountains, British Columbia, Canada

Kerstin Hinze / Norway Spruce tree (Picea albies) covered in thick snow, Brocken, Hochharz National Park, Harz, Saxony-Anhalt, Germany

Sandra Bartocha / Norway Spruce (Picea abies) forest in snow, Harz National Park, Brocken, Germany, December

Sandra Bartocha / Norway Spruce (Picea abies) trees covered in frozen snow, Harz National Park, Brocken, Germany

Sandra Bartocha / Norway Spruce (Picea abies) trees covered in snow, Harz National Park, Brocken, Germany, February

Sandra Bartocha / Steam train going through Norway Spruce (Picea abies) forest, Harz National Park, Brocken, Germany, February 2010

Sandra Bartocha / Norway Spruce (Picea abies) trees covered with snow, Harz National Park, Brocken, Germany, February 2010

Sandra Bartocha / Norway Spruce (Picea abies) trees, covered with snow, Harz National Park, Brocken, Germany, February 2010

Jack Dykinga / Mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) in burnt forest, devastation of the 'Wallow Fire' with life returning after seasonal rain, Apache-Sitgreaves National Forest, Arizona, USA 2011

Konstantin Mikhailov / River Kucherla with a local man on a horse crossing the montane Altai river, running at the bottom of deep gorge through the riparian forest with Siberian spruce (Picea obovata) and Siberian fir (Abie...

Konstantin Mikhailov / Russian winter in Altai Mountains, gorge valley of the river Kucherla, famous for its milky blue-and-green waters with riparian dark forest of Siberian spruce (Picea obovata) Siberian fir (Abies sibir...

Konstantin Mikhailov / Russian winter in Altai Mountains, gorge valley of the river Kucherla, famous for its milky blue-and-green waters with riparian dark forest of Siberian spruce (Picea obovata) Siberian fir (Abies sibir...

Konrad Wothe / American Bald eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) in Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis) Alaska, USA, July

Erlend Haarberg / Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) / Norway spruce (Picea abies) forest in mist at sunrise, near Yli-Kitka lake and Tolva village, Finland, July 2006

Gerrit Vyn / Spruce grouse (Falcipennis canadensis) adult male in a birch, in winter birds spend more time foraging in trees, Central Alaska, USA September

Konstantin Mikhailov / Wrangell Mountains in Saint Elias National Park seen across Willow Lake surrounded by mixed spruce-birch forest, Richardson Highway, Alaska, USA, September 2009

Konstantin Mikhailov / Wrangell Mountains in Saint Elias National Park seen across Willow Lake surrounded by mixed spruce-birch forest, Richardson Highway, Alaska, USA, September 2009

Konstantin Mikhailov / Water in upland plateau with tundra-like thickets of Birch and dwarf Willows, and thin forest of White spruce (Picea glauca) with Alaska Range in the distance, Denali Highway, Alaska, USA, September 2...

Konstantin Mikhailov / Wonder Lake camp area with a view to Alaska Range with Mount McKinley through spruce trees, Denali National Park, Alaska, USA, September 2009

Konstantin Mikhailov / Nenana River with White spruce (Picea glauca) and Black spruce (Picea nigra) on the upland plateau of the Alaska Range, along the Denali Highway, Alaska, USA, September 2009

Konstantin Mikhailov / The most northern Spruce tree (Picea sp) on the Alalska pipe line, killed by ringing, Dalton Highway, Alaska, USA, September 2009

Konrad Wothe / Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis) trees covered in lichen, temperate rainforest, Hoh Rainforest, Olympic National Park, Washington, USA, August

Philippe Clement / Broken dead Spruce Trees (Picea) afflicted by Spruce Bark Beetle (Ips typographus) infestation. Bavarian Forest National Park, Germany, May 2011.

Grzegorz Lesniewski / Primeval Spruce Forest (Picea abies). Tatra Mountains National Park, the Carpathians, Poland, June 2011.

Grzegorz Lesniewski / Primeval Spruce Forest (Picea abies). Tatra Mountains National Park, the Carpathians, Poland, June 2011.

Konrad Wothe / Spruce (Picea sp) trees covered in snow, Great Arber, Bavarian Forest, Lower Bavaria, Germany

Michael Quinton / Spruce Grouse (Falcipennis canadensis) female camouflaged in tree, Alaska

Konstantin Mikhailov / The northern taiga of Alaska (of Black Spruce, Picea nigra), Dalton Highway, ALASKA, USA, North America, September 2009

LYNN M. STONE / Appaloosa Horse (Equus caballus) gelding, leopard type, standing in deep snow by spruce trees. Elburn, Illinois, USA, February.

Jose Schell / Spruce grouse {Falcipennis canadensis} two grouse dust bathing, Northern Quebec, Canada

Bruno D'Amicis / Young Spruce (Picea abies) growing among dead trees in an area afflicted by Bark Beetle (Curculionidae) infestation. Bayerischer Wald National Park, Germany, May 2010.

Bruno D'Amicis / Dead Spruce (Picea abies) trees in Bark Beetle (Curculionidae) afflicted area on mountain ridge in the Bayerischer Wald National Park. Germany, May 2010.

Bruno D'Amicis / Pigmy Owl (Glaucidium passerinum) perching on a dead Spruce (Picea abies) branch. Western Tatras, Slovakia, April.

Bruno D'Amicis / Sunbeam lighting Spruce forest; the brown patch of trees are affected by Bark Beetle (Curculionidae). High Tatras, Slovakia, June 2009.

Bruno D'Amicis / Coloured Rowan (Sorbus aucuparia) trees among Dwarf Pine (Pinus mugo) and Spruce (Picea abies) in a mountain glen. Western Tatras, Slovakia, September.

Bruno D'Amicis / Dead Spruce (Picea abies) trees in Bark Beetle (Curculionidae) afflicted area in the Bayerischer Wald National Park at sunset. Germany, May 2010.

Bruno D'Amicis / Dead Spruce (Picea abies) trees in Bark Beetle (Curculionidae) afflicted area in the Bayerischer Wald National Park at sunset. Germany, May 2010.

Bruno D'Amicis / Dead Spruce (Picea abies) trees on Bark Beetle (Curculionidae) affliced mountain ridge in the Bayerischer Wald National Park. Germany, May 2010.

David Woodfall / Upland Norway Spruce (Picea abies) / Beechwood forest in autumn. Romania, October 2010

David Woodfall / Beech (Fagus sp) and Norway spruce (Picea abies) forest and alpine building. Romania, October 2010

Paul Hobson / Merlin (Falco columbarius) portrait of female perched in top of Spruce tree, Captive, UK, October

Bryan and Cherry Alexander / Spruce (Picea) and Birch (Betula) covering hillside in the autumn. Yukon, Canada, 1996.

Bryan and Cherry Alexander / Snow covered Spruce trees (Picea) in forest tundra near Numto. Khanty Mansiysk, Western Siberia, Russia, 2000.

Juan Carlos Munoz / Herd of wild Reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) grazing in snow among young spruce trees in Taiga woodland, Lappland, Finland, March 2007

Juan Carlos Munoz / Herd of wild Reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) running past young spruce trees in Taiga woodland, Lappland, Finland, March 2007

Juan Carlos Munoz / Herd of wild Reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) grazing in snow among young spruce trees in Taiga woodland, Lappland, Finland, March 2007

Juan Carlos Munoz / Herd of wild Reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) grazing in thick snow among young spruce trees in Taiga woodland, Lappland, Finland, March 2007

Yva Momatiuk & John Eastcott / Black Spruce (Picea mariana) trees covered with snow in boreal forest, Alaska

Gerrit Vyn / Aerial view of Taiga ponds and Spruce trees (Picea abies) in the boreal lowlands of the Yukon Flats National Wildlife Refuge. Alaska, USA, June.

Gerrit Vyn / American Three-toed Woodpecker (Picoides dorsalis) female on a tree trunk spruce. Alberta, Canada. May.

Bryan and Cherry Alexander / Snow covered Spruce trees (Picea) in winter at Lake Bourinot, Quebec, Canada, 1988.

Konstantin Mikhailov / Canadian Spruce Grouse (Falcipennis canadensis) male in courtship display, in Spruce forest, Central Alaska, USA, North America. September

Konstantin Mikhailov / Two Moose (Alces alces) feeding on vegetation, White Spruce and Dwarf Birch trees, Denali National Park, Alaska. USA, North America, September.

Konstantin Mikhailov / Moose (Alces alces) standing in landscape of White Spruce and Dwarf Birch trees, Denali National Park, Alaska. USA, North America, September.

Alan Watson / Engelmann spruce tree (Picea engelmannii), Alpine paintbrush flowers (Castilleja rhexifolia) and other flowers including Beargrass, in alpine meadow along the Rockwall trail, Kootenay National Park, B...

Alan Watson / Engelmann spruce tree (Picea engelmannii), Alpine paintbrush flowers (Castilleja rhexifolia) and other flowers including Beargrass, in alpine meadow along the Rockwall trail, Kootenay National Park, B...

Alan Watson / View to Helmet Falls with forest of Engelmann spruce (Picea engelmannii) and subalpine fir (Abies lasiocarpa), Kootenay National Park, British Columbia, Canada. World Heritage Site Helmet Falls at 1,...

Alan Watson / View to Helmet Falls with forest of Engelmann spruce (Picea engelmannii) and subalpine fir (Abies lasiocarpa), Kootenay National Park, British Columbia, Canada. World Heritage Site Helmet Falls at 1,...

Alan Watson / View to Helmet Falls through forest of Engelmann spruce (Picea engelmannii) and Subalpine fir (Abies lasiocarpa) in early morning light, Kootenay National Park, British Columbia, Canada. World Heritag...

Alan Watson / View to Helmet Falls through forest of Engelmann spruce (Picea engelmannii) and Subalpine fir (Abies lasiocarpa) in early morning light, Kootenay National Park, British Columbia, Canada. World Heritag...