Oceans & Islands - Sulu-Sulawesi Seas (89) More files...
Lying at the junction of Indonesia, Malaysia and the Philippines, the Sulu-Sulawesi seas are home to the highest diversity of fish and coral anywhere in the world. Characterised by a wide range of seascapes including estuaries, mangroves, lagoons, atolls, reefs and seagrass beds, these waters are the submarine rainforests at the heart of the Indo-Pacific.

Encompassing an area of about a million square kilometers, the Sulu-Sulawesi seas are patrolled by the likes of the world's largest fish (whale shark), the world's smallest (pygmy) seahorse, dugongs, saltwater crocodiles and countless species of fish, invertebrates, anemeone and coral.

The Sulu-Sulawesi seas are threatened by overfishing, coastal erosion, sedimentation, coral mining and the aquarium trade. Habitat destruction is further accelerated by dynamite and cyanide fishing, global warming and irresponsible tourism.

For more information and images, contact timaldred@naturepl.com

Single-photographer portfolios from this region can be browsed under the search terms "Jurgen Freund Sulawesi" or "Constantinos Petrinos Sulawesi".

Two Masked bannerfish {Heniochus monoceros} beside Giant yellow soft coral with diver in background, Indo-pacific
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Juergen Freund / Two Masked bannerfish {Heniochus monoceros} beside Giant yellow soft coral with diver in background, Indo-pacific
Face of Whitemargin stargazer {Uranoscopus sulphureus} Lembeh, Sulawesi
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Solvin Zankl / Face of Whitemargin stargazer {Uranoscopus sulphureus} Lembeh, Sulawesi
Diver looking at Yellow crinoid feather star on sponge, Walea, Togian Islands, Indonesia. Model released.
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Roberto Rinaldi / Diver looking at Yellow crinoid feather star on sponge, Walea, Togian Islands, Indonesia. Model released.
Nudibranch {Polycera quadrilineata} Lembeh Strait, Indonesia
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Solvin Zankl / Nudibranch {Polycera quadrilineata} Lembeh Strait, Indonesia
A school of Bigeye snapper {Lutjanus lutjanus}  Indo-pacific
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Juergen Freund / A school of Bigeye snapper {Lutjanus lutjanus} Indo-pacific
A school of Bigeye Snapper {Lutjanus lutjanus}  Indo-pacific
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Juergen Freund / A school of Bigeye Snapper {Lutjanus lutjanus} Indo-pacific
Whale shark and person swimming in silhouette {Rhinicodon typus} Indo Pacific
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Juergen Freund / Whale shark and person swimming in silhouette {Rhinicodon typus} Indo Pacific
Schooling blue and gold fusilers {Caesio teres}, Indo-Pacific
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Juergen Freund / Schooling blue and gold fusilers {Caesio teres}, Indo-Pacific
Golden samselfish (Amblyglyphidodon aureus) with Gorgonian fan. Indo-Pacific Ocean
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Peter Scoones / Golden samselfish (Amblyglyphidodon aureus) with Gorgonian fan. Indo-Pacific Ocean
Starfish {Linckia laevigata} in shallow water Indonesia
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Juergen Freund / Starfish {Linckia laevigata} in shallow water Indonesia
Coconut floating on water, Indo-pacific. Split-level. Dispersal of seed.
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Juergen Freund / Coconut floating on water, Indo-pacific. Split-level. Dispersal of seed.
Split level shot of snorkler swimming in clear shallow water over sand, Malaysia.
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Juergen Freund / Split level shot of snorkler swimming in clear shallow water over sand, Malaysia.
Saltwater crocodile (Crocodylus porosus) swimming at water surface, split-level, New Guinea, Indo-pacific
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Juergen Freund / Saltwater crocodile (Crocodylus porosus) swimming at water surface, split-level, New Guinea, Indo-pacific
Yellow edged moray eel {Gymnothorax flavimarginatus} having mouth cleaned by Humpback cleaner shrimp {Lysmata amboinensis} Sabah Borneo ~(Non-ex).
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Doug Perrine / Yellow edged moray eel {Gymnothorax flavimarginatus} having mouth cleaned by Humpback cleaner shrimp {Lysmata amboinensis} Sabah Borneo ~(Non-ex).
Whale shark {Rhincodon typus} Sulu-sulawesi seas, Indo-pacific
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Juergen Freund / Whale shark {Rhincodon typus} Sulu-sulawesi seas, Indo-pacific
Adam's urchin crab {Zebrida adamsii} on sea urchin {Astropyga radiata} Indonesia, Sulawesi
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Constantinos Petrinos / Adam's urchin crab {Zebrida adamsii} on sea urchin {Astropyga radiata} Indonesia, Sulawesi
Banded sea krait {Laticauda sp} Sulu-sulawesi seas, Indo Pacific ocean
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Juergen Freund / Banded sea krait {Laticauda sp} Sulu-sulawesi seas, Indo Pacific ocean
Pygmy seahorse (Hippocampus bargibanti) on Gorgonian coral (Muricella plectana) Sulawesi, Indonesia
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Constantinos Petrinos / Pygmy seahorse (Hippocampus bargibanti) on Gorgonian coral (Muricella plectana) Sulawesi, Indonesia
Hawksbill turtle {Eretmochelys imbricata} swimming, Indo Pacific
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Juergen Freund / Hawksbill turtle {Eretmochelys imbricata} swimming, Indo Pacific
Group of Broadclub cuttlefish gathered as females lay eggs on reef {Sepia latimanus} Sulu-sulawesi seas, Indo-Pacific
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Juergen Freund / Group of Broadclub cuttlefish gathered as females lay eggs on reef {Sepia latimanus} Sulu-sulawesi seas, Indo-Pacific
Broadclub cuttlefish mating {Sepia latimanus} Sulu-sulawesi seas, Indo-Pacific
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Juergen Freund / Broadclub cuttlefish mating {Sepia latimanus} Sulu-sulawesi seas, Indo-Pacific
RF- Juvenile schooling fish on coral reef, Indo-pacific. (This image may be licensed either as rights managed or royalty free.)
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Juergen Freund / RF- Juvenile schooling fish on coral reef, Indo-pacific. (This image may be licensed either as rights managed or royalty free.)
Black coral (Anthipates sp) filled with glassfish (Ambassis sp), Balambangan Island, Borneo.
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Roberto Rinaldi / Black coral (Anthipates sp) filled with glassfish (Ambassis sp), Balambangan Island, Borneo.
Pink Anemonefish {Amphiprion perideraion} peering out from closed anemone, Indo-pacific
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Juergen Freund / Pink Anemonefish {Amphiprion perideraion} peering out from closed anemone, Indo-pacific
False clown anemonefish {Amphiprion ocellaris} amongst anemone tentacles, Sipadan, Malaysia
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GEORGETTE DOUWMA / False clown anemonefish {Amphiprion ocellaris} amongst anemone tentacles, Sipadan, Malaysia
Diver with False clown anemonefish {Amphiprion ocellaris} in anemone.
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Juergen Freund / Diver with False clown anemonefish {Amphiprion ocellaris} in anemone.
Diver on wall dive, Tubbataha reef, Palawan, Philippines. Model released.
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Roberto Rinaldi / Diver on wall dive, Tubbataha reef, Palawan, Philippines. Model released.
Juvenile Batfish / Circular spadefish {Platax orbicularis} Sulawesi, Indonesia
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Solvin Zankl / Juvenile Batfish / Circular spadefish {Platax orbicularis} Sulawesi, Indonesia
Big fin reef squid in deep water {Sepioteuthis lessonians} Sulawesi, Indonesia Indo-Pacific
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Constantinos Petrinos / Big fin reef squid in deep water {Sepioteuthis lessonians} Sulawesi, Indonesia Indo-Pacific
Veined octopus inside shell {Octopus marginatus}, Lembeh Strait, N Sulawesi, Indonesia. Shells are found in the seabed and dug up and cleaned by octopus, which then climbs inside for protection.
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Constantinos Petrinos / Veined octopus inside shell {Octopus marginatus}, Lembeh Strait, N Sulawesi, Indonesia. Shells are found in the seabed and dug up and cleaned by octopus, which then climbs inside for protection.
Two Pearly nautilus {Nautilus pompilius} Sulu-sulawesi seas, Indo-pacific. Fills shell with water to sink and expells water to rise, lateral movement by jet propulsion
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Juergen Freund / Two Pearly nautilus {Nautilus pompilius} Sulu-sulawesi seas, Indo-pacific. Fills shell with water to sink and expells water to rise, lateral movement by jet propulsion
Split level coral reef + mangroves with Seastar, Indo Pacific
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Juergen Freund / Split level coral reef + mangroves with Seastar, Indo Pacific
Papuan Jellyfish (Mastigias papua) Camarines Sur, Luzon, Philippines 2008
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Juergen Freund / Papuan Jellyfish (Mastigias papua) Camarines Sur, Luzon, Philippines 2008
Shoal of Orbiculate cardinalfish {Sphaeramia orbicularis} amongst Mangrove roots. Sulu-sulawesi seas, Indo-pacific. Fish-eye image
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Juergen Freund / Shoal of Orbiculate cardinalfish {Sphaeramia orbicularis} amongst Mangrove roots. Sulu-sulawesi seas, Indo-pacific. Fish-eye image
Juvenile Saltwater crocodile {Crocodylus porosus} amongst Mangroves, Sulawesi, Indonesia
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Juergen Freund / Juvenile Saltwater crocodile {Crocodylus porosus} amongst Mangroves, Sulawesi, Indonesia
Mimic octopus on seabed {Octopus sp} Lembeh, Sulawesi
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Solvin Zankl / Mimic octopus on seabed {Octopus sp} Lembeh, Sulawesi
Close up of mouth of Sea anemone {Actiniaria} Sulu-sulawesi seas, Indo-pacific
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Jurgen Freund / Close up of mouth of Sea anemone {Actiniaria} Sulu-sulawesi seas, Indo-pacific
Corallimorpharia {Amplexidiscus fenestrafer} coral Sulu-sulawesi seas, Indo Pacific
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Juergen Freund / Corallimorpharia {Amplexidiscus fenestrafer} coral Sulu-sulawesi seas, Indo Pacific
Coral reef landscape with shoal of Anthias fish, Sulawesi, Indonesia
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Georgette Douwma / Coral reef landscape with shoal of Anthias fish, Sulawesi, Indonesia
Feather star on Sea fan coral {Crinoidea} Sulawesi, Indonesia
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GEORGETTE DOUWMA / Feather star on Sea fan coral {Crinoidea} Sulawesi, Indonesia
Crinoid shrimp camouflaged on aquatic plants {Periclimenes commensalis} Sulawesi Indonesia
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Constantinos Petrinos / Crinoid shrimp camouflaged on aquatic plants {Periclimenes commensalis} Sulawesi Indonesia
Snorkeler with a Papuan Jellyfish (Mastigias papua) and salps, Camarines Sur, Luzon, Philippines 2008
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Juergen Freund / Snorkeler with a Papuan Jellyfish (Mastigias papua) and salps, Camarines Sur, Luzon, Philippines 2008
Snorkelling near Dondola Island, Togian Islands, Sulawesi, Indonesia.
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Roberto Rinaldi / Snorkelling near Dondola Island, Togian Islands, Sulawesi, Indonesia.
Split-level image of corals and island,  Philippines
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Juergen Freund / Split-level image of corals and island, Philippines
Banded sea krait {Laticauda colubrina} Pulau Tiga NP, Borneo, Malaysia. Split level
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Juergen Freund / Banded sea krait {Laticauda colubrina} Pulau Tiga NP, Borneo, Malaysia. Split level
Dugong grazing  on seagrass  {Dugong dugong} Sulu-sulawesi seas, Indo-pacific
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Juergen Freund / Dugong grazing on seagrass {Dugong dugong} Sulu-sulawesi seas, Indo-pacific
Diver with friendly Flowery cod {Epinephalus fuscoguttatus} Indo-pacific
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Juergen Freund / Diver with friendly Flowery cod {Epinephalus fuscoguttatus} Indo-pacific
Traditional Bajau lepa boat with carving, Malaysia. Bajau people live in houses on stilts or are nomadic in houseboats.
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Juergen Freund / Traditional Bajau lepa boat with carving, Malaysia. Bajau people live in houses on stilts or are nomadic in houseboats.
Big eye jack school just under surface (Caranx sexfasciatus) Indo-Pacific.
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Juergen Freund / Big eye jack school just under surface (Caranx sexfasciatus) Indo-Pacific.
Nudibranch (Ardeadoris egretta) on a sponge, Indo-pacific
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Juergen Freund / Nudibranch (Ardeadoris egretta) on a sponge, Indo-pacific
Nudibranch {Hypselodoris bullockii} Lembeh Strait, Indonesia
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Solvin Zankl / Nudibranch {Hypselodoris bullockii} Lembeh Strait, Indonesia
Featherstars {Crinoidea} on fan coral, Sulu-sulawesi seas, Indo Pacific
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Juergen Freund / Featherstars {Crinoidea} on fan coral, Sulu-sulawesi seas, Indo Pacific
Yellow feather star (Crinoid sp), Sulawesi, Indonesia
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Roberto Rinaldi / Yellow feather star (Crinoid sp), Sulawesi, Indonesia
Crinoid feather stars on top of a sponge, Walea, Toigan Islands, Indonesia.
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Roberto Rinaldi / Crinoid feather stars on top of a sponge, Walea, Toigan Islands, Indonesia.
Featherstar (Crinoidea) on coral reef. Indo-pacific
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Juergen Freund / Featherstar (Crinoidea) on coral reef. Indo-pacific
Coral reef with Anthias fish Sulu-Sulawesi seas, Indo Pacific
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Juergen Freund / Coral reef with Anthias fish Sulu-Sulawesi seas, Indo Pacific
School of Barracudas in tight ball {Sphyraena sp} Sulu-sulawesi seas, Indo-pacific
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Juergen Freund / School of Barracudas in tight ball {Sphyraena sp} Sulu-sulawesi seas, Indo-pacific
Schooling Chevron barracuda (Sphyraena putnamiae / qenie) Indo-pacific
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Juergen Freund / Schooling Chevron barracuda (Sphyraena putnamiae / qenie) Indo-pacific
Schooling bigeye jacks {Caranx sexfasciatus} Indo Pacific
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Juergen Freund / Schooling bigeye jacks {Caranx sexfasciatus} Indo Pacific
Diver at coral reef Sulu-sulawesi seas, Indo Pacific
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Juergen Freund / Diver at coral reef Sulu-sulawesi seas, Indo Pacific
Alcyonarian soft coral (Dendronephthya sp) and diver, Philippines.
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Roberto Rinaldi / Alcyonarian soft coral (Dendronephthya sp) and diver, Philippines.
Spiral whip / wire coral (Stichophates sp) and diver, Philippines.  Model released.
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Roberto Rinaldi / Spiral whip / wire coral (Stichophates sp) and diver, Philippines. Model released.
Whale shark {Rhincodon typus} + diver Sulu-sulawesi seas, Indo-pacific
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Juergen Freund / Whale shark {Rhincodon typus} + diver Sulu-sulawesi seas, Indo-pacific
Red whip corals / sea whips (Ellisella sp) and various sponges on coral reef, Indo-pacific
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Juergen Freund / Red whip corals / sea whips (Ellisella sp) and various sponges on coral reef, Indo-pacific
RF- Staghorn corals (Acropora cervicornis). Indo-pacific. (This image may be licensed either as rights managed or royalty free.)
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Juergen Freund / RF- Staghorn corals (Acropora cervicornis). Indo-pacific. (This image may be licensed either as rights managed or royalty free.)
Soft coral colony and sponges on coral reef, Indo-pacific
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Juergen Freund / Soft coral colony and sponges on coral reef, Indo-pacific
Hard corals grow on a sponge that is attached to a gorgonian fan coral. Indo-pacific
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Juergen Freund / Hard corals grow on a sponge that is attached to a gorgonian fan coral. Indo-pacific
Papua jellyfish {Mastigias papua} Sulu-sulawesi seas, Indo-Pacific ocean
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Juergen Freund / Papua jellyfish {Mastigias papua} Sulu-sulawesi seas, Indo-Pacific ocean
Sea apple (Pseudocolochirus violaceus) with feeding tentacles showing. Rinca, Indonesia
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Georgette Douwma / Sea apple (Pseudocolochirus violaceus) with feeding tentacles showing. Rinca, Indonesia
File Shell (Limacacea) swimming,  Indo-pacific
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Juergen Freund / File Shell (Limacacea) swimming, Indo-pacific
Diver behind big sea-fan and vase sponge, Toigan islands, Sulawesi, Indonesia.
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Roberto Rinaldi / Diver behind big sea-fan and vase sponge, Toigan islands, Sulawesi, Indonesia.
Diver with large colonies of blue coral (Heliopora coerulea), Togian Islands, Sulawesi, Indonesia. Model released.
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Roberto Rinaldi / Diver with large colonies of blue coral (Heliopora coerulea), Togian Islands, Sulawesi, Indonesia. Model released.
False clown anemonefish in anemone {Amphiprion ocellaris} Indo-pacific
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Juergen Freund / False clown anemonefish in anemone {Amphiprion ocellaris} Indo-pacific
Clown anemonefish (Amphiprion percula) amongst anemone tentacles, Indo-pacific
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Juergen Freund / Clown anemonefish (Amphiprion percula) amongst anemone tentacles, Indo-pacific
RF- Clown anemonefish (Amphiprion percula) amongst anemone tentacles, Indo-pacific. (This image may be licensed either as rights managed or royalty free.)
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Juergen Freund / RF- Clown anemonefish (Amphiprion percula) amongst anemone tentacles, Indo-pacific. (This image may be licensed either as rights managed or royalty free.)
Orange elephant ear sponge (Agelas clathrodes) covered with featherstars. Indo-pacific
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Juergen Freund / Orange elephant ear sponge (Agelas clathrodes) covered with featherstars. Indo-pacific
Orange elephant ear sponge (Agelas clathrodes), with other sponges and gorgonians, Indo-pacific
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Juergen Freund / Orange elephant ear sponge (Agelas clathrodes), with other sponges and gorgonians, Indo-pacific
Brittlestars (Ophiothrix sp) wrapped round arms of Gorgonian coral / Sea fan. Raja Ampat, West Papua, Indonesia
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GEORGETTE DOUWMA / Brittlestars (Ophiothrix sp) wrapped round arms of Gorgonian coral / Sea fan. Raja Ampat, West Papua, Indonesia
Necklace starfish {Fromia monilis} on coral. Sulawesi, Indonesia
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Georgette Douwma / Necklace starfish {Fromia monilis} on coral. Sulawesi, Indonesia
Close up of thorns of Crown of thorns starfish {Acanthaster planci} Sulawesi, Indonesia
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Solvin Zankl / Close up of thorns of Crown of thorns starfish {Acanthaster planci} Sulawesi, Indonesia
Yellow pygmy seahorse {Hippocampus sp} camouflaged amongst coral, Indo-pacific
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Juergen Freund / Yellow pygmy seahorse {Hippocampus sp} camouflaged amongst coral, Indo-pacific
Spadefish {Platax sp} Sulu-sulawesi seas, Indo-pacific
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Juergen Freund / Spadefish {Platax sp} Sulu-sulawesi seas, Indo-pacific
Close up of eye of sea snail, Sulu-sulawesi seas, Indo-Pacific
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Juergen Freund / Close up of eye of sea snail, Sulu-sulawesi seas, Indo-Pacific
Tube anemone {Cerianthidae} Lembeh Strait, North Sulawesi, Indonesia.
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GEORGETTE DOUWMA / Tube anemone {Cerianthidae} Lembeh Strait, North Sulawesi, Indonesia.
Diver with Giant sea cucumber {Thelenota anax} Sulawesi, Indonesia, Indo-pacific
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Juergen Freund / Diver with Giant sea cucumber {Thelenota anax} Sulawesi, Indonesia, Indo-pacific
Partially bleached polyps of hard coral {Goniopora sp} Bunaken, Sulawesi, Indonesia. Possibly caused by global warming.
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GEORGETTE DOUWMA / Partially bleached polyps of hard coral {Goniopora sp} Bunaken, Sulawesi, Indonesia. Possibly caused by global warming.
Fisherman uses cannister of sodium cyanide to paralyse and catch fish. Philippines.
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Juergen Freund / Fisherman uses cannister of sodium cyanide to paralyse and catch fish. Philippines.
Octopus hunter with catch, Arenas Reef, Sulu Sea, Philippines
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Juergen Freund / Octopus hunter with catch, Arenas Reef, Sulu Sea, Philippines
Fisherman collecting fish killed by dynamite explosion on coral reef Philippines 2000
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Juergen Freund / Fisherman collecting fish killed by dynamite explosion on coral reef Philippines 2000