Nigel Cattlin / Horse chestnut leaf miner (Cameraria ohridella) larval damage to Horse chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum) leaves. Berkshire, England, UK. August.

Nigel Cattlin / Firethorn leaf miner (Phyllonorycter leucographella) mine, damage to Firethorn (Pyracantha sp) leaf. Berkshire, England, UK. September.

Nigel Cattlin / Firethorn leaf miner (Phyllonorycter leucographella) mine, damage to Firethorn (Pyracantha sp) leaf. Berkshire, England, UK. September.

Nigel Cattlin / Leaf miner damage to Apple (Malus domestica) leaf. Round mines of Micromoth (Phyllonorycter sp) and long mines of Micromoth (Lyonetia sp).

Adrian Davies / Horse chestnut Leaf Miner Moth (Cameraria ohridella) Larva extracted from leaf. Surrey, UK. Approx 5mm long

Adrian Davies / Horse Chestnut Leaf Miner Moth (Cameraria ohridella) larva in leaf (centre of frame) Surrey, UK July

Jussi Murtosaari / Flies (Brachycera) on leaf, Parikkala, Etela-Karjala / South Karelia, Etela-Suomi / South Finland, Finland. June

Jussi Murtosaari / Fly (Brachycera) on Lily of the Valley berries, Parikkala, Etela-Karjala / South Karelia, Etela-Suomi / South Finland, Finland. September

Alex Hyde / Horse Chestnut leaves (Aesculus hippocastanum) infected with Leaf Miner Moth (Cameraria ohridella) on a white background. Peak District National Park, Derbyshire, UK. July. This insect is an invasive...

Stephen Dalton / Micro moth (Caloptilla stigmatella) Sussex, England, UK, October.

Nigel Cattlin / Parasitoid wasp (Diglyphus isaea) pupa, in a leaf mine after it has parasitised a Leafminer larva, used as biological pest control, England, UK.

Nigel Cattlin / Parasitoid wasp (Diglyphus isaea) female, ovipositing in a Leafminer larva, adult wasps used for biological pest control, England, UK.

Nigel Cattlin / Parasitoid wasp (Diglyphus isaea) female, ovipositing in a Leafminer larva, adult wasps used for biological pest control, England, UK.

Nigel Cattlin / Two Parasitoid wasps (Diglyphus isaea) with a Leafminer larva in a leaf gallery, adult wasps used for biological pest control, England, UK.

Nigel Cattlin / Two Parasitoid wasps (Diglyphus isaea) with a Leafminer larva in a leaf gallery, adult wasps used for biological pest control, England, UK.

Nigel Cattlin / Parasitic wasp (Dacnusa sibirica) female ovipositing in a Leafminer larva in a leaf gallery, England, UK.

Nigel Cattlin / Leafminer (Phytomyza syngenesia) pupa parasitized by a Parasitoid wasp (Dacnusa sibirica) used in biological pest control in protected crops, England, UK.

Adrian Davies / Horse chestnut tree (Aesculus hippocastanum) showing discolouration on leaves from infestation by Leaf miner moth (Cameraria ohridella), Surrey, UK. August.

Nigel Cattlin / Citrus leaf miner (Phyllocnistis citrella) leaf mines made by larvae in a Pummelo (Citrus maxima) leaf, Thailand, South East Asia.

Nigel Cattlin / Exposed Horse chestnut leaf-miner (Cameraria ohridella) larva in mine in tree leaf (Aesculus hippocastanum) Berkshire, England, UK, September.

Nigel Cattlin / Exposed horse chestnut leaf-miner (Cameraria ohridella) larva in mine in a tree leaf (Aesculus hippocastanum) Berkshire, England, UK, September.

Nigel Cattlin / Larva of horse chestnut leaf-miner (Cameraria ohridella) in a leaf mine in a conker leaf (Aesculus hippocastanum) leaf, Berkshire, England, UK, September.

Nigel Cattlin / Damage to horse chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum) leaf caused by leaf-miner (Cameraria ohridella) larvae, Berkshire, September