The Eastern Afromontane biodiversity hotspot covers an immense and scattered series of mountain ranges extending from Saudi Arabia to Zimbabwe, including the Albertine Rift, the Eastern Arc Mountains and the Ethiopian Highlands. Although scattered, these mountain regions are characterised by remarkably similar flora, which includes more than 2300 endemic species. Giant lobelias and senecios are especially characteristic. Of volcanic origin, the region contains some of the deepest lakes in the world, with many endemic fish species. This hotspot is rich in primates with 3 endemic species and the world's only population of mountain gorillas.

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