Hotspots - Bois de pins et chênes de Madrean
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The Madrean Pine-Oak Woodland hotspot covers Mexico's main mountain chains, plus isolated mountain top islands in the US states of New Mexico and Arizona. It is renowned for plant biodiversity, including 40 species of pines and 135 species of oaks (of which 85 are endemic). The greatest wildlife spectacle of this hotspot is the annual overwintering of 100-150 million monarch butterflies. The main threat to this hotspot is from unsustainable logging of both pines and oaks.